vaccination

• what do Vaccination do

  Directly protects us from infection by pathogens
• It is really important that a very large number of people are vaccinated against pathogens
• Herd immunity


  When enough people are vaccinated, it also protects unvaccinated people because the pathogen cannot spread
• Vaccination can prevent illness in an individual
• Vaccination can prevent the spread of pathogens in a population
• Vaccination


  Introducing small quantities of dead or inactive forms of pathogen into the body
• Vaccines


  • Cannot lead to the disease in the patient
  • Stimulate white blood cells to produce antibodies against the dead or inactive pathogen
  • White blood cells divide by mitosis to produce lots of copies of themselves
  • Copies of white blood cells can stay in the blood for decades
  • If the same pathogen enters the body later, the white blood cells can produce the correct antibodies quickly to prevent infection
• This graph shows the level of antibody after vaccination and after the body's invaded by the real pathogen
• When the real pathogen invades, the antibody number rises very quickly to a very high level, due to the vaccination