Constitution

• Constitution


  The basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or social group that determine the powers and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people in it
• Constitution


  A set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed
• Functions of constitution

  • Declare and define the boundaries of the political community
  • Declare and define the nature and authority of the political community
  • Express the identity and values of a national community
  • Declare and define the rights and duties of citizens
  • Establish and regulate the political institutions of the community
• Situations being protected through constitution

  • Philippine Territory being harassed by China
  • Extrajudicial Killing in the Philippines
  • Pork Barrel Scam of Janet Napoles
  • Build Build Program
  • Impeachment of CJ Corona
  • National Election
  • COVID Response/Lockdown
  • Owning properties
  • Going to School
  • Having a Government LGU
• Types of government

  • Monarchy
  • Oligarchy
  • Dictatorships
  • Communism
  • Totalitarian
  • Democratic
• Monarchy


  The title of the monarch is hereditary, this means one inherits the position. In some societies, the monarch was appointed by a divine power
• Oligarchy


  The members of the ruling elite do not necessarily receive their titles by birth, like in a monarchy
• Dictatorships


  Often corrupt and aim to limit the liberties of the general population in order to maintain their power
• Communism


  A type of government as well as an economic system where individual people do not own land, factories, or machinery. Instead, the government or the whole community owns these things. Everyone is supposed to share the wealth that they create
• Totalitarian


  Restricts occupation, religious belief and the number of children a family can have, among other things
• Democratic


  All citizens have the equal right to have their voices heard and determine state policy through elected representatives
• The Philippines


  A republic with a presidential form of government wherein power is equally divided among its three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial
• Branches of government in the Philippines

  • Executive
  • Legislative
  • Judicial
• Executive branch


  Composed of the President and the Vice President who are elected by direct popular vote and serve a term of six years
• Legislative branch


  Authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them through the power vested in the Philippine Congress
• Judicial branch


  Holds the power to settle controversies involving rights that are legally demandable and enforceable
• Constitution of Biak-na-Bato, first constitution of the Philippines


  1897
• Malolos Constitution (1899-1901), the first republican constitution in Asia


  1899
• Malolos Constitution


  • Declared that sovereignty resides exclusively in the people
  • Stated basic civil rights
  • Separated the church and state
  • Called for the creation of an Assembly of Representatives to act as the legislative body
• 1935 Constitution (1935-1943, 1945-1973)

  1935
• 1935 Constitution


  Written with an eye to meeting the approval of the United States Government to ensure that the U.S. would live up to its promise to grant the Philippines independence
• 1943 Constitution (1943-1945)

  1943
• 1943 Constitution


  Promised the Filipinos "the honor of independence" which meant that the commission would be supplanted by a formal republic
• 1973 Constitution (1973-1986)


  1973
• 1973 Constitution


  • Stained with manifest bribery and corruption
  • Removed the presidential term limit so that Ferdinand E. Marcos could seek election for a third term
  • Introduced a parliamentary-style government with legislative power vested in a unicameral National Assembly
• 1986 Freedom Constitution (1986-1987)

  1986
• 1986 Freedom Constitution


  Only intended as a temporary constitution to ensure the freedom of the people and the return to democratic rule
• 1987 Constitution (1987-Present)

  1987
• 1987 Constitution


  • Cecilia Muñoz Palma, a former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, was elected as its president
  • Several issues were of particular contention during the Commission's sessions, including the form of government to adopt, the abolition of the death penalty, the retention of the U.S. bases in Clark and Subic, and the integration of economic policies into the constitution
• Parts of the Constitution

  • Preamble
  • Article 1 – National Territory
  • Article 2 – Declaration of Principles and State Policies
  • Article 3 – Bill of Rights
  • Article 4 – Citizenship
  • Article 5 – Suffrage
  • Article 6 – Legislative Department
  • Article 7 - Executive Department
  • Article 8 – Judicial Department
  • Article 9 - Constitutional Commissions
  • Article 10 – Local Government
  • Article 11 – Accountability of Public Officers