My notes

• Endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands (including the adrenal medulla), pancreas, ovaries/testes, and pineal gland.
• Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate various physiological processes such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and homeostasis.
• The main function of the endocrine system is to secrete hormones into the bloodstream, which then travel throughout the body.
• The main function of the endocrine system is to regulate metabolism, growth, development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood.
• The three main types of muscle tissue are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
• Skeletal muscles attach to bones via tendons and allow voluntary movement.
• Hormones are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands that travel through the bloodstream to target organs or tissues where they bind to specific receptors and elicit responses.
• The endocrine system is composed of several organs or glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to be transported throughout the body.
• Examples of hormones produced by different parts of the body include insulin from the pancreas, testosterone from the testes, estrogen from the ovaries, cortisol from the adrenal glands, and melatonin from the pineal gland.
• Examples of hormone-producing organs or tissues include the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, posterior pituitary, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla, pancreatic islets, testes, and ovaries.
• The hypothalamus secretes releasing factors and inhibiting factors that stimulate or inhibit the release of hormones from other endocrine glands.
• Examples of hormones include insulin, glucagon, cortisol, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), renin, aldosterone, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), antidiuretic hormone (ADH), melatonin, and epinephrine.
• The hypothalamus secretes releasing factors and inhibiting factors that stimulate or suppress the release of other hormones.
• The endocrine system consists of several major glands including the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes.
• The endocrine system plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis by secreting hormones that regulate various bodily functions.
• Cardiac muscles make up the walls of the heart and contract involuntarily to pump blood.
• Smooth muscles line internal organs and tubular structures like arteries and intestines, allowing them to move substances through their lumen.
• Neurons have three main parts: dendrites, cell bodies, and axons.
• Nerves are composed of neurons, which transmit electrical impulses throughout the body.
• Nervous tissue includes neurons and neuroglia cells, which transmit electrical impulses throughout the body.