physics

• Spark jumps between negatively charged rod and earthed conductor


  1. Negatively charged rod

  2. Earthed conductor
• Transformer X


  Used in the National Grid
• Transformer Y


  Used in the National Grid
• Calculating charge flow to town

  1. Energy transferred by battery

  2. Potential difference of town's electricity supply
• Alpha particle


  Consists of?
• Krypton (Kr) nucleus decays into rubidium (Rb) nucleus


  Emitting a beta particle
• Internal contamination of human body

  Different risk compared to external irradiation by alpha radiation source
• Measuring instrument


  To measure volume of water
• Hazard in student's investigation
• Calculating specific latent heat of vaporisation of water

  1. Initial mass of beaker and water

  2. Final mass of beaker and water

  3. Energy transferred by immersion heater
• Thermal energy transferred to surroundings


  Affected student's value for specific latent heat of vaporisation
• Water evaporated before reaching 100°C


  Affected student's value for specific latent heat of vaporisation
• Calculating power output of girl running up stairs

  1. Mass of girl

  2. Height of stairs

  3. Time taken to run up stairs

  4. Gravitational field strength
• Reasons why girl's total power output was greater than calculated
• Conclusion about boy's mass compared to girl's
• Calculating maximum speed of toy aeroplane after launch

  1. Extension of spring

  2. Mass of aeroplane

  3. Spring constant

  
• Energy of aeroplane


  Decreases as it moves upwards through the air
• Factor that would increase horizontal distance travelled by toy aeroplane
• LED


  Circuit symbol
• Why hair straighteners don't turn on with only switch S2 closed
• Calculating time for hair straighteners to reach normal operating temperature

  1. Maximum power output

  2. Energy transferred to reach temperature

  
• Closing switch S2 and switch S3 at same time

  Effect on power output of power supply