Tle 1&2qt

• Sewing tools and equipment


  • Tape measure
  • Sewing gauge
  • Ruler
  • Yardstick
  • L-square
  • Hip curve
  • French curve
  • Scissors
  • Pinking shears
  • Tailor's chalk
  • Tracing wheel
  • Needle
  • Pin
  • Thimble
  • Pin cushion
  • Emery bag
  • Fabric
  • Foot lever
  • Sewing machine (lock stitch, high-speed, electric, embroidery, button holer, overlocker, computerized)
• Tape measure


  A device to measure the body
• Sewing gauge


  Used to measure hemlines
• Ruler


  For measuring 12 inches below and for drawing straight lines
• Yardstick


  For measuring 12 inches above
• 1. square


  A ruler measuring 1/4, 1/8, etc. and half measurements
• Hip curve


  Used for measuring curved things like hips below
• French curve


  Used for measuring curves hips and above
• Scissors


  Used for cutting things
• Pinking shears


  Used for cutting loose threads or material
• Tailor's chalk


  Used for marking instead of pens and pencils
• Tracing wheel


  Used for transferring pattern marks and tracing
• Needle


  Used for stitching
• Pin


  Used for holding the fabric in place
• Thimble


  Protection from the needle
• Pin cushion


  Used for holding pins and needles (storing)
• Emery bag


  Like a pin cushion but with abrasive inside to sharpen pins
• Fabric


  Necessary for crafting things
• Types of sewing machines

  • Lock stitch (hand sewn, commonly used in homes)
  • High-speed (straight sewing)
  • Electric (powered by electricity)
  • Embroidery
  • Button holer
  • Overlocker (finishes garments)
  • Computerized (controlled by computer)
• Parts of a sewing machine

  • Wheel (moves the needle up and down)
  • Spool pin (holds the reel of thread)
  • Tension knob (controls thread tightness)
  • Thread guide (guides the thread in the right direction)
  • Take up lever (picks up the thread after a stitch is made to release tension)
  • Foot lever (releases and lowers the pressure foot)
  • Needle clamp (holds the needle in place)
  • Presser foot (holds the fabric down)
  • Storage box (stores small tools)
  • Needle (takes the thread in and out of the fabric to make stitches)
  • Teeth/dog feed (moves the fabric on after each stitch is made)
  • Bobbin (holds the thread for the lower stitches)
• Types of body measurements

  • Horizontal (left to right)
  • Vertical (top to bottom)
  • Circumferential (around the body)
• Caregiving refers to the provision of assistance to another person who is ill, disabled or needs help with daily activities, requires attention to the physical, mental, social and psychological needs, and well-being
• Tools and equipment for caregivers

  • Sphygmomanometer (aneroid and mercury-based)
  • Stethoscope
  • Thermometer (oral, rectal, armpit)
  • Ice bag
  • Hot water bag
  • Glass and straw for giving liquid medicine
• Tools and equipment for meal preparation

  • Air pot
  • Blender
  • Coffee maker
  • Chopping board
  • Electric knife
  • Can opener
  • Food processor
  • Food tongs
  • Ladle
  • Microwave
  • Serving spoon
  • Stove
• Tools and equipment for cleaning, washing and ironing

  • Bottle sterilizer
  • Broom
  • Clothes hanger
  • Dishwasher
  • Dryer
  • Dust pan
  • Duster
  • Flat iron
  • Ironing board
  • Laundry/sorting basket
  • Vacuum cleaner
  • Washing machine
• Steps for cleaning an air pot

  1. Turn off or unplug before cleaning

  2. Pour out any remaining water

  3. Rinse inner lining with hot water

  4. Use detergent and soak for 8-10 minutes, then clean with sponge

  5. Use hot water and vinegar to descale at least once a month
• Steps for cleaning a blender

  1. Clean the funnel and blender with liquid soap and water

  2. Add hot water, baking soda, and run at high speed for 20 seconds

  3. Rinse well and dry carefully

  4. Remove dirt from steel blender with glass cleaner or vinegar/water mixture

  5. Wipe down plastic base with damp soapy rag or all-purpose cleaner
• Body Surface Area (BSA)


  Also called the dose-per-kilogram-of-body-weight method, the most accurate and safest method for calculating drug dosages
• Parts of spygmomanometer 1. Cuff 2. Hand bulb 3. Tubing 4. Release vaulve 5. Aneroid gauge
• Thermometer

  1.oral 2. Rectal 3. Armpit
• Body Surface Area (BSA)


  Most accurate and safest method to calculate dosage
• BSA formula

  1. Average adult BSA

  2. Child BSA in m² = (Average adult BSA) x (child dose in mg / average adult dose in mg)

  3. Note: Average adult BSA = 1.73 m²

  4. Average adult dose = 500 mg
• Clark's Rule

  Used to calculate child's dosage based on child's weight in lbs, not kg
• Clark's Rule formula


  Adult dose x (child's weight / 150) = Approximate child's dose
• Young's Rule


  Used to calculate dosage for children 2yrs to 12yrs, based on age in years
• Young's Rule formula


  Adult dose x (child's age in yrs / (child's age in yrs + 12)) = Approximate child's dose
• Fried's Rule


  Used to calculate dosage for children under 2yrs, based on age in months
• Fried's Rule formula


  Adult dose x (child's age in months / 150) = Approximate child's dose
• Hazard


  Causes harm to individuals, chemicals, electricity, open drawers, inadequate ventilation
• Risk

  Possibility that someone can be harmed and how serious it can be