G3 and G4

• Personal savings


  The portion of an individual's income that is not spent on consumption but is set aside for future use or emergencies
• Personal savings


  • Provides a safety net and financial security for unexpected expenses or future financial goals
  • A crucial component of overall financial health and stability
• Advantages of personal savings

  • Earn interest on your savings
  • Easy access to money
  • Financial security
  • You can save with your partners for big purchase
• Types of savings account

  • Regular savings account
  • Money market account
  • Certificate of deposit, or CD
• Savings account


  Earns interest and offers quick access to funds
• Money market account


  Earns interest and may provide check-writing privileges and ATM access
• Certificate of deposit, or CD


  Usually has the highest interest rate among savings accounts, but no access to funds
• Savings account


  Used for everyday transactions
• Savings


  Putting aside some of your money instead of spending it right away
• Investments


  Using your money to buy assets or put it into ventures with the expectation of generating income or profit in the future
• Savings


  • Saving 200 Pesos each month from your salary in a savings account that earns interest
• Investments


  • Investing 1,000 pesos in stocks of a tech company that you believe will grow in value over time
• Where to put money to earn more interest

  • Real estate
  • Business ventures
  • Bonds
• Personal investment


  The allocation of resources (such as time, money, or effort) into various assets or activities with the expectation of achieving a future return or benefit
• Importance of personal investment

  • Financial growth
  • Goal achievement
  • Diversification
  • Retirement planning
  • Personal development
  • Inflation protection
• Types of personal investments

  • Financial instruments
  • Real estate
  • Business ventures
  • Education and skills development
  • Personal hobbies
• Personal investment goals

  Buying a house, funding education, retiring comfortably
• Diversification


  • Investing in a variety of assets can help spread risk and reduce the impact of market fluctuations on an individual's overall portfolio
• Retirement planning


  Personal investment is crucial for building a retirement fund that can provide financial security during retirement years when regular income may decrease
• Personal development


  Investments in education, skills development, or personal hobbies can enhance knowledge, abilities, and overall well-being
• Inflation protection


  Investing can help preserve the purchasing power of money over time by generating returns that outpace inflation
• Personal investment empowers individuals to take control of their financial future, achieve their goals, and build wealth over the long term
• Types of Personal Investments

  • Stocks
  • Bonds
  • Mutual Funds
  • Real Estate
  • Retirement Accounts
  • Savings Accounts
  • Cryptocurrency
  • Precious Metals (e.g., Gold, Silver)
• Stocks


  A buyer of a company's stock becomes a fractional owner of that company. Owners of a company's stock are known as its shareholders and can participate in its growth and success through appreciation in the stock price and regular dividends paid out of the company's profits.
• Bonds


  Debt securities where an investor loans money to an entity (government or corporation) in exchange for periodic interest payments and return of principal at maturity.
• Mutual Funds


  Pooled funds from multiple investors, managed by professionals who invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, or other securities.
• Real Estate


  Investment in physical properties for potential rental income and appreciation in property value.
• Retirement Accounts

  Tax-advantaged accounts designed for long-term savings, often offering tax deductions or deferred taxes.
• Savings Accounts

  Low-risk, easily accessible accounts in banks, offering interest on deposited funds.
• Cryptocurrency


  Digital assets using cryptography for security, known for high volatility and potential high returns.
• Precious Metals (e.g., Gold, Silver)


  Investments in physical commodities, often used as a hedge against inflation and economic uncertainties.
• Investment risk


  Any uncertainty with respect to your investments that has the potential to negatively impact your financial welfare
• Types of investment risk

  • Market risk
  • Interest rate risk
  • Credit risk
  • Inflation risk
  • Liquidity risk
  • Currency risk
  • Political and regulatory risk
  • Business risk
• Market risk


  The possibility that an investment's value will fluctuate due to changes in the overall stock market or economy
• Interest rate risk


  Affects bonds and similar investments, as their value can change when interest rates go up or down
• Credit risk


  The chance that the issuer of a bond might not be able to pay back what they owe
• Inflation risk


  Occurs when your investment returns don't keep up with the rising cost of living, reducing your purchasing power over time
• Liquidity risk


  Refers to how easily you can sell your investments without losing value
• Currency risk


  Affects investments denominated in foreign currencies, as changes in exchange rates can impact their value
• Political and regulatory risk


  Arises from changes in government policies or regulations that affect investment markets