1D

• Analyse the grammatical structure and punctuation every 2 marks for 8 or 6 marks
• Grammatical structure possible answers

  • Inversion of subject/verb
  • Absence or presence of dummy auxiliary "do"
  • Double or multiple negatives
  • Absence of a plural inflection after an enumerator ~ ten year ~ no 's"
  • Medial position adverbials (before finite main verb; between auxiliary/lexical verb)
  • Passive verb phrases
  • Frequent use of subordination
  • Loosely structured compound-complex sentences
  • No elision of negative auxiliary-typical of formal tone
  • Non-agreement of plural and singular form
• Examples of punctuation

  • commas instead of full stops
  • commas splitting phrases/clauses
  • frequent use of the colon (instead of full stops etc.)
  • frequent use of parenthesis (e.g. interjections)
  • absence/presence of possessive apostrophes (-'s suffix for singular nouns appears in the latter half of the 17th century; -s' introduced in 18th century)
• Answer should be formed:

  Firstly, the writer uses inconsistent capitalisation of certain nouns, 'Lampry', perhaps to highlight them to the reader. Moreover, the writer uses a colon, 'so that the skyn be loose: then slitt hym' to connect certain clauses, as a comma would in Present Day English. Finally, the writer uses an open compound adverb 'to gedure' as was common in this period as over time certain words gradually became hyphenated then closed compound, after being open compound
• Answers should be formed:

  The writer uses GRAMMATICAL/PUNCTUATIONAL STRUCTURE WORD CLASS QUOTE because REASON
• Examples of punctuation

  • absence/presence of apostrophes to mark elision
  • absence of speech marks
  • use of symbols e.g. &, (for omission: the"selves)
  • abbreviations with superscript e.g. wth (with), yr (your)
  • random capitalisation of words of importance to the text/lack of capitalisation for proper nouns
  • use of ampersand (&) as a ligature of Latin-short hand for ET (and)