CNF midterms

• Literature


  Written material, regardless of which form it later takes (i.e., a song, a play, a movie, etc.)
• Literary


  Relating to literature, from the Latin 'litterarius' meaning "letters"
• For a work to be considered literature, it should not simply express humankind's thoughts, feelings, experiences and aspirations, but should also reflect merit and brilliance of expression
• Genre


  A category of artistic composition, from the Latin 'genus' meaning "type, kind"
• Literary Genres

  "Art of words" - Categories that classify different types of literature based on their content, style and form
• 2 MAJOR FORMS OF LITERATURE


  • Fiction - comes from author's imagination
  • Non-fiction
• Fiction

  • Inform
  • Entertain
  • Inspire
  • Persuade
• 2 TECHNIQUES OF LITERATURE


  • Prose
  • Poetry
• 3 CATEGORIES OF FICTION


  Realistic - depict our world and society

  Non-Realistic - something that cannot happen

  Semi fiction - Based on true events, or ripped from the headlines
• 4 GENRES

  Fiction

  Poetry

  Drama

  Non-Fiction
• Literary fiction 


  • Artistic value and literary merit. Political criticism, social commentary, and reflections on humanity.
  • Focus on character.
• Mystery (Detective Fiction)


  mystery often follows a plot with a detective as character or someone playing detective and tries to solve a case with a sprinkling of clues here and there.
• Thriller


  This fiction is characterized by dark, mysterious and suspenseful plots. It rarely utilizes humor but highlights techniques like plot twists, red herrings, and cliff-hangers which can keep readers guessing until the very end.
• Horror


  Written to shock, startle, scare, and even repulse the readers.

  It can create a horrifying sense of dread and may include characters like ghosts, vampires, werewolves, witches, and monsters. Horror themes may be of death, demons, evil spirits, the afterlife, and even fear it.
• Historical


  This time and place may be real, imagined, or a combination of both.This type of fiction involves the creative use of research to be able to transport readers to another time and place.
• Romance


  Primary focuses on the relationship and romantic love between two people, typically with an emotionally satisfying and optimistic ending.
• Western


  Stories of this type often portray characters and settings of the western frontier like cowboys, outlaws, and settlers of the American Old West.
• Bildungsroman


  Literally translated as “a novel of education” or “a novel of formation”.

  This form highlights the transition or metamorphosis of a character from youth into adulthood.
• Speculative fiction “super genre”


  speculative fiction can encompass any narrative — from sci-fi and fantasy to superhero stories and fairy tales — that diverges from “mimetic fiction,” or true-to-life storytelling set in our world that doesn't bend reality or break the laws of physics.
• Science Fiction


  is a genre of speculative fiction, which typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.
• Fantasy


  Another type of speculative fiction, fantasy has imaginary characters and worlds and may have influences of mythology and folklore which can be appealing to both children and adults alike.
• Dystopian


  is also another type of speculative fiction. Dystopias are societies in cataclysmic decline, with characters who battle environmental ruin, technological control, and government oppression.
• Utopian 


  authors often create imaginary worlds where social, political, economic, and environmental issues are resolved or minimized
• Magical realism


  The world portrayed in magical realism is similar to our real world but with added magical elements which are considered “natural” in which the story takes place.
• Realist literature


  This type of fiction portrays a world very much like ours, with all the elements created as truthful as it can be as it happens in our world.
• Short Story


  Shorter in length than a novel, a short story is a fictional prose work which usually focuses on one plot, one main character (with a few additional minor characters), and one central theme.

  In contemporary fiction, a short story can range from 1,000 to 20,000 words.”
• Novel


  Is a narrative prose work of considerable length that talks about significant human experience.

  The general rule of thumb for novel writing is a word count in the 80,000 to 100,000 range.
• Myth


  Derived from the Greek mythos, which has a range of meanings from “word,” through “saying” and “story,” to “fiction”

  Is a symbolic narrative of unknown origin and tells events which are partly traditional and associated with religious beliefs.

  Mythology, on the other hand, refers to both the study of myth and the body of myths belonging to a particular religion. A collection of myths.
• Legend


  A legend is a traditional tale which is thought to have historical bases- although not verifiable.
• Fable


  An educational story about human social behavior with personified animals or natural objects as characters and always ends with an explicit moral message.

  The concept of time and space is also not specific in a fable.
• POETRY


  From the Greek word Poiesis means “making” also called “verse”, is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language.
• POEM


  is often used in the sense of an individual piece of work. POETRY is a collected work. In other words it is a collective term used to indicate many pieces of individual poems.
• 1. The visual patterning of lines of unequal and shorter length


  Poetry often features visual patterning characterized by lines of unequal and varying lengths, contributing to its unique aesthetic appeal.
• 2. The frequent division into stanzas (verses)


  Poetry often features frequent division into stanzas (verses), providing structure and organization to its composition. The separation into stanzas creates distinct pauses or shifts in subject matter, allowing for changes in mood or theme.
• 3. The possibility of unusual shapes


  Poetry can appear in unexpected and visually creative forms, deviating from traditional layouts and structures. These unconventional shapes invite readers to engage with the text in new and exciting ways, enriching the reading experience by integrating visual elements with the written word.
• 4. The distinctive use of white space


  Poetry employs white space in a distinct manner, strategically using gaps and pauses to enhance the overall aesthetic and meaning of the poem.
• Poem


  Are usually shorter than novels, may come in many shapes and forms, and are often (but not always) divided into stanzas (or verses).
• 3 Features of Poem

  • Subject
  • Theme
  • Mood/Feeling/Tone
• Two Broad Approaches

  • Narrative Poem
  • Lyrical Poem
• Drama


  A form of literature, typically a play, that is intended to be performed by actors on stage