unds 7

• Sexual Self


  How do our sexual self develop?
• Human Sexual Behavior


  Any activity– solitary, between two persons, or in a group – that induces sexual arousal
• Men's sexual behavior


  • Can occur any time, by being aroused to certain stimuli
  • At puberty, the testes begin to secrete androgens (male sex hormones) which produces secondary sex characteristics like growth of bodily hair and change in tone of voice
• Female sexual behavior


  • Starts at puberty where the two ovaries begin to produce estrogens and progesterone (female sex hormones)
• Types of Sexual Behavior

  • Solitary Behavior (involving only one individual)
  • Sociosexual Behavior (involving more than one person)
• Diversity of Sexual Behavior

  • Heterosexual (sexual attraction and behavior directed to other sex)
  • Transsexuality (people who believed they were born with the body of the other gender)
  • Bisexuality (person who can be romantically or sexually attracted to same sex)
  • Transgenderism (people who view themselves as a third gender, they are transvestites)
  • Homosexuality (romantic and/or sexual attraction between members of the same sex)
• Erogenous Zone


  Part of the body that particularly sensitive to touch, pressure and vibration which contributes to sexual arousal
• Phases of Sexual Response

  • Arousal/Excitement Phase (subjective sense of sexual pleasure)
  • Plateau Phase (brief period of time before the orgasm, body's preparation for orgasm)
  • Orgasm Phase (intense, highly pleasurable experience)
  • Resolution Phase (decrease of arousal)
• Natural Contraception


  • Cervical Mucus Method (woman is fertile when the cervical mucus is profuse and watery)
  • Calendar Method (avoiding coitus during the days that the woman is fertile)
  • Symptothermal Method (combination of Basal Body Temperature and Cervical Mucus Method)
  • Basal Body Temperature (monitoring changes in the woman's temperature every morning)
  • Ovulation Detection (using an over-the-counter kit that requires the urine sample of the woman)
  • Coitus Interruptus/Withdrawal Method (couple proceeds with coitus but the man withdraws before emission of spermatozoa)
  • Abstinence (abstaining from sexual intercourse)
  • Lactation Amenorrhea Method (exclusive for breastfeeding woman, effective if you feed your baby at least 6 times a day)

  
• Artificial Method of Contraception

  • Oral Contraception (the "Pill", contains synthetic estrogen and progesterone)
  • Vaginal Ring (releases a combination of estrogen and progesterone, surrounds the cervix)
  • Transdermal Patch (contains both estrogen and progesterone, woman applies one patch every week for three weeks)
  • Subdermal Implants (two rod-like implants under the skin of woman during menstruation, contains etonogestrel, desogestrel, and progestin)
  • Hormonal Injections (contains medroxyprogesterone & a progesterone, prevents ovulation and changes cervical mucus)
  • Intrauterine Device (small T-shaped object in uterus through vagina to prevent fertilization)
  • Vasectomy (procedure to block the passage of sperms in male)
  • Chemical Barriers (spermicides, vaginal gels and creams, glycerin films to cause death of sperm)
  • Male Condom (rubber sheath placed on erect penis before penetration)
  • Female Condom (synthetic rubber placed against the vaginal opening)
  • Diaphragm (inhibits the entrance of sperm into the vagina, should not be left in for more than 24 hours)
  • Tubal Ligation (procedure to inhibit the passage of both sperm and ova in female)

  
• The first question when you were born is "Is it a boy or a girl?"
• Pink used to be a "boy color" and blue a "girl color", and before that every baby just wore white
• High heels were originally created for men and seen as "masculine" for a century
• At one time, secretaries and school teachers were all guys
• Even men used to cry when they wanted to seem sincere
• Cheerleading started out as a boys' club, because it was too "masculine" for girls
• Respectable dudes used to wear their hair long too
• Both men and women can get kind of baby-crazy. It just happens to men later in life
• Sex


  Biologically prescribed characteristics that differentiate males and females in terms of reproductive organs and chromosomes

  
• Multidimensional Model of Sex

  • Chromosomes (XY, XX)
  • Gonads (Ovaries & Testes)
  • Gonadal hormones (Estrogens or androgens)
  • Internal accessory organs (fallopian tubes, vas deferens)
  • External Genitalia (Penis, Clitoris)

  
• People who fall outside the male and female dichotomy are generally called intersexual (1.7 % of the population)
• Gender


  Socially or culturally prescribed characteristics, behaviors, and interests appropriate for women and men
• Males are expected to be masculine in appearance, behavior, and personality, and females are expected to be feminine
• Differences between Sex and Gender

  • Sex (Biological, Determined at birth, Universal, Present in either, Fixed, Male or female)
  • Gender (Social, contextual, Social expectations for males and females, Present in both, Changing, Feminine or masculine)

  
• Gender Identity


  The personal psychological sense of being male or female
• Transsexuals


  People who have literally changed their sex, surgically and hormonally altered so that they appear to be a sex different from the one they were born in
• Transgender


  People whose gender identity or gender expression differs from what is associated with their assigned sex at birth
• Gender Role


  The adherence to culturally created behaviors and attitudes deemed appropriate for females or males
• Gender belief system


  People's expectations what it means to be male and female
• Gender Stereotypes


  Generalized beliefs about the characteristics of men and women

  
• Gender roles vary with culture, some countries prefer that both spouses share the labor in providing and nurturing their children
• Gender roles vary over time, in 1965 the Harvard Business School had never granted a degree to a woman, but at the turn of the twenty-first century, 30 percent of its graduates were women
• Peer influence


  Suggests that who we are is not mostly because of how our parent's raised us, but because of the peers that surround us
• Culture's influence


  Is transmitted to children by their peers
• Differences between Transgender and Transsexual

  • Transgender (Person whose gender identity or gender expression does not match their assigned birth sex)
  • Transsexual (Person whose gender identity is opposite to his or her biological sex to the extent that he/she will seek surgical sex reassignment)
• Sexuality


  Fuzzy term used to refer to sexual behaviors, eroticism, sexual orientation, as well as desires to engage in sexual activity
• Sexual orientation


  The sexual and emotional attraction to the same and/or opposite sex
• Traditional Binary Model of Sexual Orientation

  • Heterosexual
  • Homosexual
• Modern Continuum Gender Model of Sexual Orientation

  • Heterosexual
  • Bisexual
  • Homosexual

  
• Bakla


  Males who are feminine or effeminate and who cross-dress, refers to male homosexual or gay man