MIL

• Media


  The different channels, or ways, in which news, entertainment, marketing messages, or other information is spread
• Literacy


  The ability to read, understand, analyze, and create using written language
• Media literacy


  The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and communicate information in a variety of forms, including print and non-print messages
• Media literate person


  • Can read, understand, analyze, and create media
• Five questions for media analysis

  1. Who created this message?

  2. What techniques are used to attract my attention?

  3. How might people understand this message differently?

  4. What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in, or omitted from, this message?

  5. Why was this message sent?
• Information literacy


  The abilities to recognize when information is needed and to locate, evaluate, effectively use, and communicate information in its various formats
• Components of information literacy

  • Task definition
  • Information seeking strategies
  • Location and access
  • Use of information
  • Synthesis
  • Evaluation
• Technology literacy


  One's ability to use, manage, evaluate, and understand technology
• Media and Information Literacy (MIL)


  Information Media, People Media, Information and Media Literate Individual
• Evaluating Information and Media

  • What or Who is the source of information?
  • What is the medium used?
  • What is its purpose?
  • How is the information made?
  • Is it valuable to the audience?
• Information sources have reasons why they present information, inform, persuade, entertain, or advertise
• Generally, educational media such as researches, journals, programs, and the like are created to inform
• Text, visual, audio, motion, and multimedia all have different styles and guidelines in production. Therefore, you need to learn not just how to evaluate information but also to produce them
• The readers or audiences are considered as producers and consumers of media and information; therefore, the information should aid the users in making and improving decisions
• Characteristics of a Media and Information Literate Individual

  • Improved quality of life
  • Greater political participation
  • Better economic opportunities
  • Stronger professional networks
  • Improved learning environment
  • More cohesive social units
• People Media


  An assembly of people with a common interest where they become the main means of mass communication
• Types of People Media

  • People in Media
  • People as Media
• People in Media


  People behind and use other forms of media such as text media, visual media, multimedia, etc. In disseminating information and imparting knowledge
• People in Media


  • Print journalists
  • Photojournalists
  • Broadcast journalists
  • Multimedia journalists
  • Other media practitioners
• People as Media


  People who are media itself, serving as a medium for another person to learn or acquire new knowledge
• People as Media


  • Opinion leaders
  • Citizen journalists
  • Social journalists
  • Crowdsourcers
• Opinion leaders


  • Highly exposed to and actively using media
  • Source of viable interpretation of messages for lower-end media users
  • Opinions are accepted by a group
  • Two-Step Flow Communication Model (Lazarsfeld, Berelson, & Gaudet, 1944)
• Citizen journalists


  People without professional journalism training using the tools of modern technology and internet to create, augment or fact-check media on their own or in collaboration with others
• Social journalists


  Journalists who are using social media to make their content available to more people
• Crowdsourcers


  Obtain needed services, ideas, or content by soliciting contributions from a large group of people and especially from the online community
• Forms of interaction in social media

  • Sharing links to interesting content produced by third parties
  • Public updates to a profile, including information on current activities and even location data
  • Sharing photos, videos and posts
  • Commenting on the photos, posts, updates, videos and links shared by others
• Codes


  Systems of signs that when put together create meaning
• Characteristics of social media

  • Individualized, builds profiles
  • Connects with friends and people
  • Uploads content in real-time
  • Enables conversations
  • Provides tracking
• Types of codes


  • Symbolic codes
  • Written codes
  • Technical codes
• Advantages and limitations of social media

  • Relationships
  • Diversion/Entertainment
  • Learning
  • Recognition
  • Career Progression
• Symbolic codes


  • Iconic symbols that are easily understood (e.g. red rose for romance/love)
• Diversion/Entertainment


  • Allows users to have a respite from busy schedules
  • Forms of entertainment can be addictive
• Written codes


  • Use of language style and textual layout (Headline, Caption, Speech bubbles, etc.)
• Technical codes


  • Ways in which equipment is used to tell the story (sound, camera angles, types of shots, lighting)
• Camera shots


  • Low-angle shot (LAS)
  • High-angle shot (HAS)
  • Close-up shot (CU)
  • Extreme close-up shot (ECU)
  • Full shot
  • Medium long shot
  • Extreme long shot
• Recognition


  • Instant recognition can be very gratifying and encouraging
  • Created a specific need for validation and attention
• Convention


  A standard or norm that acts as a rule governing behavior. In film, conventions are used to represent certain topics, characters and events.
• Media messages


  Pieces of information sent from a source to a receiver that may arouse different ideas or messages. People interpret media messages differently.
• TOPICS


  • Evolution of Media
  • Types of Media
  • Trends in Media and Information
• Media Evolution Timeline


  • Pre-Industrial Age (Before 1700s)
  • Industrial Age (1700s - 1930s)
  • Electronic Age (1930s - 1980s)
  • Information Age (1900s - 2000s)