Cestodes: Definition of Terms

• Anaphylactic shock


  Serious allergic response in E. granulosus-infected persons, producing histamine and other mediators, potentially fatal
• Cestoda


  Class of flat, ribbon-like tapeworms
• Coracidium


  Ciliated larval stage of Diphyllobothrium latum, with hexacanth embryo hatching in fresh water
• Cysticercoid larval stage


  – infective stage to both humans and rodents that may develop in animal transport hosts, such as fleas, beetles, rats, and house mice
• Cysticercosis


  Infection from ingesting T. solium eggs in human feces
• Cysticercus larva


  type of larva that consists of a scolex surrounded by a bladder-like, thin walled cyst that is filled with fluid
• Daughter cyst


  Miniaturized cysts within the hydatid cyst
• Embryophore


  Yellow-brown shell on tapeworm eggs surrounding an embryo
• Gravid


  Pregnant female worms
• Hermaphroditic


  Self-fertilizing tapeworm egg initiating a new life cycle
• Hexacanth embryo


  First larval stage with six small hooklets
• Hooklets


  Pairs of structures believed to pierce the host's intestinal wall
• Hydatid cyst


  Fluid-filled structure in human tissue, containing several components
• Hydatid sand


  Components in older E. granulosus cysts' fluid, including daughter cysts, scolices, hooklets, and other material
• Oncosphere


  Migrates via blood to animal tissue, converting into infective cysticercus larva
• Operculum


  Lid structure consuming one end of the egg
• Platyhelminthes


  Phylum containing tapeworms and flukes
• Pleurocercoid


  Precursor larval stage ingested when consuming contaminated freshwater fish
• Procercoid


  Larval stage in D. latum development, occurring in the copepod
• Proglottid


  Segments with male and female reproductive organs in mature form
• Rostellum


  Fleshy extension of the scolex with hooks in some species
• Scolex


  Anterior end of a tapeworm, capable of developing into an adult worm in the definitive host
• Sparganosis


  Condition from ingesting procercoid larvae of D. latum and related species
• Sparganum


  Infected subcutaneous tissue described as white, wrinkled, and ribbon-shaped
• Strobila


  Series of proglottids, denoting the entire tapeworm body
• Suckers


  Cup-shaped structures on the scolex for attachment to the host's intestinal mucosa
• Tegument


  Outer surface absorbing nutrients and excreting waste in flatworms
• Viscera


  Soft internal organs in major body cavities
• Zoonosis


  Accidental parasitic disease infecting animals and humans
• Zoonotic


  Parasitic disease infecting animals and potentially humans
• Taenia saginata also known as beef tapeworm.
• Taenia solium also known as pork tapeworm.
• Intermediate host of Tania spp. are cattle or goats.
• Infective stage of Taenia spp.: cysticerci in raw or uncooked beef
• Taenia spp. • Cysticercus: consist of scolex surrounded by bladder-like cyst with fluid.
• Eggs are indistinguishable; T. saginata and solium
• T. saginata and solium; Hexacanth embryo with three pairs of hooklets
• Embryophore; radial striations
• State the common name of each following cestode.

  Taenia saginata; Beef Tapeworm

  Dipylidium caninum; Dog or Cat Tapeworm, Pumpkin Seed Tapeworm

  Taenia solium; Pork Tapeowrm

  Hymenolepsis nana; Dwarf tapeworm

  Hymenolepsis Dimunata; Rat tapeworm

  Echinococcus granulosus; Dog Tapeworm or Hydatid tapeworm

  Diphyllobothrium latum; Broad Fish Tapeworm or Russian Broad Tapeworm
• T. solium

  has a fleshy rostellum and double crown of well defined hooks