Topic 6.2.1

• • Definition: A data type used to represent dates, typically consisting of day, month, and year components. Dates are used for various purposes, such as recording events, managing schedules, and organizing data chronologically.
  • Example: 2024-01-15 (January 15, 2024)

  Date
• Integer


  • Definition: A whole number that does not have a fractional or decimal part. Integers can be positive, negative, or zero.
  • Example: -5, 0, 42
• Real


  • Definition: A data type used to represent numbers with decimal or fractional parts. Real numbers can include rational and irrational numbers.
  • Example: 3.14, -0.5, 2.718
• Character


  • Definition: A data type that represents a single alphanumeric character, symbol, or digit. Characters are the building blocks for strings.
  • Example: 'A', '5', '%'
• String


  • Definition: A sequence of characters. Strings are used to represent text and are often manipulated in various ways, such as concatenation, searching, and extraction.
  • Example: "Hello, World!", '12345', 'abc123'
• Boolean


  • Definition: A data type that represents two possible values: true or false. Booleans are often used in logical expressions and decision-making.
  • Example: true, false
• JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)

  A lightweight data interchange format that is easy for humans to read and write and easy for machines to parse and generate. It is often used to transmit data between a server and a web application as an alternative to XML.
• Fixed-width Text File


  A type of plain text file where each field or column has a fixed width, meaning that each piece of data takes up a specific number of characters. This format is commonly used for simple data storage and is less flexible than delimited formats like CSV.
• Fixed-width Text File


  • John Doe 30 New York
• CSV (Comma-Separated Values)


  A simple text format for representing tabular data, where each line in the file corresponds to a row of the table, and the values within each row are separated by commas (or other delimiters).
• ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

  A character encoding standard that uses numeric codes to represent text characters. It includes a set of printable and control characters and assigns a unique number to each character.
• ASCII


  • The ASCII code for the letter 'A' is 65.
• XML (eXtensible Markup Language)


  A markup language that defines rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. It is commonly used for representing structured data in a hierarchical format.
• These formats and types play crucial roles in data interchange, storage, and representation across various applications and systems. Choosing the right format depends on the specific requirements and characteristics of the data being handled.