PMLS 2 LESSON 3

• circulatory system


  responsible for transporting throughout the body oxygenated blood from the heart and lungs through the artery
• cardiovascular and lymphatic system


  two components of circulatory system
• heart


  it is hollow muscular organ that is composed of four chambers
• pericardium


  it is a thin, fluid-filled sac that surrounds the heart
• epicardium


  it is the layer of the heart that is thin and watery.
• epicardium


  covers the heart and attach to the pericardium
• myocardium


  thick layer of the heart that pumps blood
• endocardium


  it is a layer of the heart that lines the valves and interior chambers.
• right atrium


  receives deoxygenated blood from the body
• Right ventricle

  receives blood from the right atrium and pumps to the pulmonary artery
• left atrium


  receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps into the left ventricle
• left ventricle


  receives blood from the left atrium

  and pumps to the aorta
• right av valve


  also known as tricuspid valve; it closes as the right ventricle contracts
• left av valve


  also known as bicuspid or mitral valve; it closes as the left ventricle contracts
• pulmonary or pulmonic valve


  other term for right semilunar valve
• left semilunar valve


  also known as aortic valve which is located at the entrance of aorta
• interatrial septum


  separates the right and left atria
• interventicular septum


  separates the left and right ventricles
• ischemia


  caused by inadequate supply of oxygen
• myocardial infarction


  caused by complete obstruction of the coronary artery
• systole


  contracts
• diastole


  relaxes
• electrical conduction system


  sends electric impulses throughout the myocardium which is is initiated by SA nodes
• Sinoatrial nodes


  known as the pacemaker

  nerve that regulates atrium contractions
• ECG


  provides graphic representation of cardiac cycle's activity
• lubb


  - First sound - associated with closure of AV valves

  - occurs at beginning of ventricular systole
• dupp

  second sound, when the semilunar valve close and ventricles relax
• 72 bpm


  average heart rate
• 0.8 sec


  duration for heart cycle
• cardiac output


  volume of blood pumped per minute
• pulse


  rhythmic throbbing resulting from the alternating expansion and contraction of the artery
• sphymomanometer


  measures BP
• angina pectoris


  chest pain resulting from the reduced blood flow to the heart
• Aortic stenosis


  the murmuring sound due to the failure of aortic leaflets to fully open during systole
• bacterial endocarditis


  it is when a bacteria enters and resides in the heart lining or blood vessels
• congestive heart failure

  chronic progressive condition that affects the power of the heart to pump blood
• myocardial infarction


  it is caused a decrease or full stoppage of blood flow
• pericarditis


  inflammation of the pericardial sac due to viral infections
• vascular system


  a loop consisting of blood vessels through which is circulated to the rest kf the body
• pulmonary and systematic circulation


  two divisions of vascular system