1911 Chinese Revolution

• • Qing Dynasty ruled from 1644 to 1912
  • The dynasty was established by the Manchu ethnic group, originally from northeast Asia, who conquered China
  • The Qing dynasty faced resistance and opposition from the Chinese population
  • The Qing dynasty still managed to consolidate its power and establish a stable rule
• • Many officials were being incompetent, giving jobs to family members instead of more qualified individuals
  • Experienced a significant population increase
  • Resulted in food shortages and widespread poverty
• • also experienced natural disasters such as flood and droughts, worsening the famine
  • Resulted in death of 9-13 million people
  • Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864) was one of the largest and deadliest uprisings in Chinese history
• • led by Hong Xiuquan, who proclaimed himself the younger brother of Jesus Christ and aimed to establish a utopian Christian state the years 1850-1878 are called the Civil War period
  • self strengthening movement (1861-1895)
• • China was humiliated at the first Sino-Japanese war (1894-1895)
  • Sought to challenge China's influence in Korea and clashed with China over territorial control
  • China suffered a decisive defeat
  • Hundred Day's Reform (1898)
• • Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901)
  • Cixi tried to remove the foreigners with the help of martial arts experts
  • was defeated by foreigners
  • leaders of the Boxer rebellion were beheaded
• The three principles of people:

  • Nationalism
  • Democracy
  • Socialism
• • Wuchang uprising
  • establishment of the republic of China, Jan 1 1912