English Quiz

• Research is a process of systematic

  inquiry that entails the collection of data;

  documentation of critical information;

  and analysis and interpretation of that

  data/information, following suitable

  methodologies set by specific

  professional fields and academic

  disciplines.
• Abstract is a brief overview of a research

  study
• Applied Research is conducted to generate

  knowledge that influences or improves

  practice
• Basic Research is a research that tests

  theories
• Conceptual Definition is a variable, such as

  anxiety, may be defined as a feeling of

  uneasiness
• Concepts - The building blocks of theories
• Constitutive definition - The basic,

  dictionary meaning
• Control group - In experiments, the one

  that does not get the treatment
• Correlational study - A type of research

  design that depicts a relationship

  between variables, but not necessarily

  one of cause -effect
• Data - Information used as a basis for

  reasoning, discussion, or calculation.
• Delimitations - It addresses how the study

  will be narrowed in scope.
• Dependent variable - The concept that

  the researcher is most interested in

  understanding
• Descriptive study - Research design that

  describes “what is” e.g. a survey
• Experiment - A research design used

  to find “cause-effect” relationships

  the “effect of…on…”
• Experimental Group - The one that

  gets the treatment
• External validity - How generalizable

  the results are as it concerns other

  populations and locations
• Extraneous - Variables that may

  influence or contaminate the data
• Heterogeneous - Groups under

  study are very different or

  varied.
• Homogeneous - Groups that are

  very similar
• Independent variable - The concept

  being studied that usually indicates

  the influence or cause; the one that

  the researcher is manipulating
• Hypothesis - A statement written by

  the researcher that states the

  relationship among or between

  variables
• Inductive Reasoning - The basis for the

  qualitative research approach
• Deductive Reasoning - Depends on-premises and

  is the basis for the quantitative research

  approach
• Internal validity - The extent to which a study

  measures what it is supposed to measure

  (accuracy within a study)
• Introduction - Establishes the scope, context,

  and significance of the research to be

  conducted.
• Limitations - identify potential weaknesses of the

  study.
• Measures of central tendency - Averages e.g. the

  mean)
• Mean - The arithmetic average
• Median - The middle where half the scores fall above,

  and half below, eliminates the influence of outliers
• Methodology - Systematic approach to the conduct of

  a process. It includes steps of procedure, application

  of techniques, systems of analysis, and the modes of

  inquiry employed by a discipline.
• Mode - The score that occurs the most
• Null Hypothesis - The proposition, to be tested

  statistically, that the experimental intervention has

  "no effect," meaning that the treatment and control

  groups will not differ as a result of the intervention.
• Operational definition - How a term is used in a study
• Participant - Also called respondents, their

  characteristics and responses are the object of

  study in research
• Principle investigator - The person who

  oversees a research
• Population - the target group under

  investigation. The population is the entire

  set under consideration. Samples are

  drawn from populations
• Purpose of the study - specific research

  aims and objectives for the research.
• Random - By chance
• Qualitative Research - Trying to verify or

  generate descriptive theory that is grounded in

  the data gleaned from the investigation

  (naturalistic).
• Quantitative Research - Answer a specific

  research question by showing statistical evidence

  that the data may be addressed in a particular

  way (experimental).