cardioanatomy

• where is the heart located?

  inferior middle mediastinum
• what is the futurearea of the heart called?

  cardiogenic area
• what is formed after cardiogenic area and primitive blood vessels?

  2 endocardial tubes
• what do endocardial tubes turn into?

  heart tube
• what is developed from truncus anteriosus?

  pulmonary trunk and aorta
• what is developed from bulbus cordis?

  smooth RV and LV
• what is developed from primitive ventricle?

  trabeculated part of LV and RV
• what is developed from primitive atrium?

  traveculated part of RA and LA
• what is developed from primitive venosus?

  smooth part of RA and oblique vein of LA
• inferior portion is the same as?

  diaphragmatic
• right border contains...

  superior vena cava and RA
• left border contains...

  aortic arch, pulmonary trunk, LV
• chamotvale 6 walls of right atrum

  anterior porterior medial lateral siperior inferior
• describe anterior wall of RA

  trabecular, contains pectinate muscles and right auricle
• describe the posterior wall of RA

  smooth part, contains SVC, IVC, coronary vena sinus
• describe medial wall of RA


  contains septums- oval fossa and oval foramen
• describe the lateral wall of RA

  simple
• describe the superior wall of RA

  simple
• describe the inferior wall of RA

  tricuspid valve
• difference between RA and LA

  anterior wall in LA has left auricle, posterior wall has pulmonary veins on LA and inferior has atrioventricular valve- bicuspid
• what structure starts in RV?

  pulmonary trunk
• what cusps does a tricuspid valve have?

  anterior, posterior and septal cusps
• what cusps do we have in bicuspid valve?

  anterior and posterior
• what is located between LV and aorta?

  aortic valve
• what is located between RV and pumlonary trunk?

  pulmonary valve
• describe endocardium

  endocardium is the deepest layer consisting of endothelial cells and connective tissue. it covers valves
• describe myocardium

  middle layer. it has two sublayers: atria and ventricular myocardium
• atreial myocardium layers

  superficial and deep
• ventricular myocardium layers


  outer, middle and inner
• describe pericardium

  outer layer. two types: fibrous and serous pericardium
• serous has 2 sublayers:

  perital an visceral
• between visceral and perital layers we have

  pericardial cavity, which has liquid
• ebsteins anomaly is

  enlargement of atrium associated wih lythium
• auscultation sites:

  aortic pulmonary erbs point tricuspid and apex
• where is aortic located

  2nd intercostal space right side
• where is pulmonary located

  2nd intercostal space left side
• where is erbs point located

  3rd intercostal space
• where is tricupid located

  4th or 5th intercostal space
• where is apex located

  5th intercostal space
• heart conduction system.

  1.sa node

  2.av node

  3. bundle of his

  4. right branc and left branch of bundle of his

  5. purkinja fibers