ART APPRE CHAP 2

• Classification


  Meaningful grouping of persons, things, animal, ang so forth in a systematic way.
• The Sophists


  Who categorized art according the purpose?
• Plato and Aristotle


  Who classified art according to their outputs and products - those which produce real things and those which produce only image?
• Galen


  Who based his classification on the physical effort required art - vulgar and liberal arts?
• Vulgar arts require physical effort while liberal arts refer to the activities of mind.
• Roman rhetorician Quintilian divided arts into three groups, namely: Theoretical arts, practical arts, and productive arts
• Astronomy


  Give an example of theoretical arts.
• Dance


  Give an example of practical arts.
• Painting


  Give an example of productive arts.
• Cicero


  Who looked and considered the value of art, whether it is minor, median or purely intellectual art, or major?
• Plotinus


  Who's the neoplatonist philosopher who based his classification of art on the degree of its spirituality?
• Plotinus divided the arts into five groups: (1) Arts which produce physical objects. e.g. Architecture (2) Arts which help nature. e.g. Medicine, Agriculture. (3) Arts which imitate nature. e.g. Painting. (4) Arts which improve or ornament human action. e.g. Rhetoric and politics. (5) Purely intellectual arts. e.g. Geometry and astronomy
• Architecture (and Applied Arts)


  The art of designing and constructing a building which serves a specific function to human being, ranging from providing a shelter to meeting technological demands of our modern society.
• Architecture (and Applied Arts)

  The art of designing and constructing a building which serves a specific function to human being, ranging from providing a shelter to meeting technological demands of our modern society.
• Visual Arts


  Expression of feelings and thoughts through two-dimensional and three-dimensional art forms. Two-dimensional art consists of painting, drawings, prints, and photographs while sculpture is a three-dimensional art.
• Music


  Collective expression of the musical genius of a particular people; could be expressed and delivered using voice or by using musical instruments.
• Visual Arts

  Expression of feelings and thoughts through two-dimensional and three-dimensional art forms. Two-dimensional art consists of painting, drawings, prints, and photographs while sculpture is a three-dimensional art.
• Literature


  Expression of feelings, vision, and thoughts in words or languages understood by the writers. It could be transmitted and preserved orally or in written form.
• Music

  Collective expression of the musical genius of a particular people; could be expressed and delivered using voice or by using musical instruments
• Literature

  Expression of feelings, vision, and thoughts in words or languages understood by the writers. It could be transmitted and preserved orally or in written form.
• Dance


  The art of movement. It is an expression of feelings and thoughts through graceful movement of the body in tempo with accompanying music.
• Cinema or Film


  A product of modern technology. It brings us in a world that, apart from a want for three-dimensionality, is often mistaken for reality.
• Theater


  A system of relationship among actor, action, audience, time, and space. Theater presents its stories through live actors in a real performance space complete with artificial settings and in the presence of their audiences.
• Subject in art


  This refers to the main idea that is described in the artwork. It is basically the essence of the piece.
• Representational Art and Non-representational art


  What are the two kinds of art as to subject?
• Representation Art


  Also known as objective art. They are those arts which depict (represent) objects that are commonly recognized by most people. They attempt to copy, even if in a subjective manner, something that is real. It uses "form" and is concerned with "what" is to be depicted in the artwork.
• Still life


  It is an example of a Representational Art that refers to a collection of inanimate objects arranged together in a specific way.
• Landscape


  It is an example of a Representational Art that refers to an artwork whose primary focus is natural scenery, such as mountains, forests, cliffs, etc.
• Non-representation Art


  Also as non-objective art. It does not depict anything from the real world. Non-representational art may simple depict shapes, color, lines, etc., but may also express things that are not visible- emotions or feelings for example.
• Portraiture


  It is an example of a Representational Art that depicts the image of a particular person or animal, or group thereof.
• Realism, Abstraction, Symbolism, Fauvism, Dadaism, Futurism, Surrealism, Expressionism


  What are the eight methods of presenting the art subjects?
• Realism


  Through this method, art subjects are depicted in the they would normally appear. It portrays what the eyes can see, what the ear can hear, what the sense faculty may receive. It is said that an art or work is realistic when the presentation and organization of details in the work seem so natural.
• Abstraction


  Derived from Latin "abstractus" which means drawn away. It is the total opposite of realism. It aims to move away from showing things as they really are.
• Distortion


  It is an abstraction that is clearly manifested when the subject is in misshapen condition, or regular shape is twisted out. It is a form of emphasizing detail to the point that something is no longer "correctly" depicted.
• Elongation


  It is an abstraction that refers to that which is being lengthened, a protraction or an extension.
• Mangling


  It is an abstraction that may not be a commonly used way of presenting an abstract subject, but there are few artists who show subjects or objects which are cut, lacerated, mutilated, torn, hacked, or disfigured.
• Cubism


  It is an abstraction that subjects like people or landscapes are represented as combinations of basic geometric shapes. These are often described as looking like pieces of fractured glass.
• Abstract expressionism


  It is an abstraction that originated in New York City after the WW2. It is characterized by great nerve, the use of large canvases, and a deliberate lack of refinement in the application of the plain.
• Symbol


  A visible sign of something invisible such as an idea or quality.
• Symbolism


  This method systematically uses symbols to concentrate or intensify meaning, making the work of art more subject and conventional.