PMLS 2 LESSON 6

• EDEMA also called oedema, is an abnormal swelling caused by the accumulation of fluid in tissues
• Hematoma is a solid swelling or mass of blood in the tissues caused by the leakage of blood from the vessels during venipuncture.
• Mastectomy refers to the removal of the breast
• Arteriovenous Shunt or Fistula is a passageway created through surgery and is usually in the arms with the intention of connecting the artery and veindirectly.
• Blood-sampling device used to avoid the use of needle-sticks, prevents infections, and reduces wastage from line draws
• Heparin or saline lock or hep-lock is an IV catheter attached to a stopcock or cap with diaphragm.
• Central Vascular Access Devices also known as indwelling lines, are any of the tubings inserted to the main vein or artery.
• 3 types of CVADS : Central Venous Catheter, implanted port, peripherally inserted central catheter.
• Central venous catheter is also known as a central line inserted into the large vein (subclavian) and advanced into the superior vena cava
• Implanted port is a surgically implanted disk-shaped chamber attached to the indwelling line
• Peripherally inserted central catheter is a flexible tube inserted into the veins of extremities and the central veins
• Petechiae this condition involves the appearance of small red or purple spots that look like rashes which appear on arm when tourniquet is applied
• Iatrogenic anemia results from blood loss due to blood draw
• Inadvertent arterial puncture happens when blood is filling up the tube rapidly and there is rapid formation of hematoma on the site
• Hemoconcentration is a decrease in the fluid content or plasma volume which is usually caused by a tourniquet that stagnates the normal flow of blood leading to the increase in concentration or rbcs
• Hemolysis or haemolysis, means the rupture of rbcs