Beta blockers

• Mask outward signs of anxiety. they block receptors for adrenaline and nor-adrenaline
• Only for acute stress- speeches
• Types

  • B1 (non-selective)- block receptors that affect heart, kidneys, liver and other areas
  • B2 (selective) - heart less anywhere else, reduce cardiac output
• Prescribed low dose for high BP + angina or off-label for anxiety
• Lockwood- Musicians use for stage fright 1989. 19% used on a daily basis
• Neftel- musicians vs placebo. reduced stage fright, lower heart-rate and played more accurately
• May reduce stress induced habits
• Should they be banned like in (drugs) sports for increased performance?
• No longitudinal studies on long-term effects
• Side effects of beta blockers like nausea, dizziness or blurred vision
• Cheaper than therapy, 7% increase in prescriptions 2012-13
• The root of the stress isn't adresssed
• Not tested for safety or fully effective
• May be heart problems if suddenly stop taking due to body getting used to it slowing the sympathetic response
• May become dependant