cognitive psych

• Consciousness - It includes both the feeling of awareness and the content of awareness, some of which may be under the focus of attention
• Selective attention - refers to our ability to attend to some stimuli while ignoring or minimally processing other stimuli.
• Preconscious - Information that is available for cognitive processing but that currently lies outside of conscious awareness exists at the level of awareness
• Preconscious - Information that is available for cognitive processing but that currently lies outside of conscious awareness exists at the level of awareness
• Vigilance - It refers to a person’s ability to attend to a field of stimulation over a prolonged period, during which the person seeks to detect the appearance of a particular target stimulus of interest.
• Search - It refers to a scan of environment for a particular features actively looking for something when you are not sure where it will appear
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - People with this disorder have difficulties in focusing their attention in ways that enable them to adapt in optimal ways to their environment.
• Change blindness - This pertains to inability to detect changes in objects or scenes that are being viewed.
• Automatic information processesing - A process that demands little or no effort or even intention for attention.
• Arousal - This is a degree of physiological excitation, responsivity, and readiness for action, relative to a baseline.
• Preconscious information - This includes stored memories that we are not using at a given time but we could summon when needed.
• Memory - refers to the means by which people draw on past knowledge in order to use such knowledge in the present; it refers to the dynamic mechanisms associated with the retention and retrieval of information
• Cued-recall - This type of recall task is also called “paired-associates recall”
• • Atkinson-Shiffrin model This model emphasizes the passive storage areas in which memories are stored; but it also alludes to some control processes that govern the transfer of information from one store to another.
• Short-term store - Atkinson’s proposed a hypothetical construct that conceptualizes memory. With this, what store is capable of storing information for somewhat longer periods but of relatively limited capacity as well.
• Iconic store - This store is a discrete visual sensory register that holds information for very short periods.
• Culture-relevant test - It measured skills and knowledge that relate to the cultural experiences of the test-takers.
• Alerting - involves being prepared to focus on incoming information.
• Culture-fair tests - These tests were designed to be free of culturally biased items so that they would not favor any particular group over others.