Volleyball

• Pass/Receive is another term for reception, its the attempt by team to properly handle the opponent's serve, or any form or attack
• The four types of serve are topspin, underhand, float, and jump serve.
• Float is in an overhand serve done by hitting the ball without a spin.
• Attack, also known as "the spike", is usually the third contact a team makes with a ball. It makes a series of steps "the approach jumps" and swing the ball/
• Libero wears a jersey of a different color and play in the back row five out the six rotations. They usually sub in for both middle blockers. They are also defensive and serve-receive specialists.
• Dig is the ability to prevent the ball from touching one's court after a spike or attack, particularly a ball that is nearly touching the ground.
• Service is done by standing behind the line in an attempt to drive it into the opponent's court.
• Underhand is a serve done below the waist level and is an easy serve to receive.
• Middle blocker is the team's best blockers. They hit mostly fast-tempo sets from the middle of the court and behind the setter.
• Block refers to the action taken by players standing at the net to stop or alter an opponent's attack.
• Jump serve is an overhand serve where the player tosses the ball high and jumps high and hits the ball with much pace and topspin.
• Topspin refers to a serve which is done by tossing the ball high and hitting it with a wrist span.
• Setter has the primary responsibility to take the second ball and set it up for one of the hitters to attack.
• Setter is referred to as the quarterback.
• An opposite hitter has the option to play all the way around, passing, playing defense, and hitting out of the back row.
• Defensive specialist plays in the back row and is responsible for playing defense and receiving serve.
• Service specialist is a player who subs in just to serve.
• Service specialist typically have a very tough or very consistent serve, and they come in for a player who is less strong behind the service line.
• Outside hitter hits and blocks from the left side of the court.
• Outside hitter carry the responsibilities of passing and playing defense when they get to the back row. They also gets the most sets, especially when the setter is out of system.
• There must be 6 players in each team; three in front row and three in back row.
• A player must not hit the ball twice in succession.
• The ball may be played off the net during a volley and on serve.
• A ball hitting a boundary line is "in".
• A ball is "out" if it hits any of the net or cable outside the antennae.
• A ball is "out" if it hits the referee stand or pole.
• It is legal to contact the ball with any part of a player's body.
• It is illegal to catch, hold or throw the ball.
• If two or more players contact the ball at the same time, it is considered one play and either player involved may make the next contact, provided the next contact is not the teams fourth hit.
• Then the two teams will rally—or hit the ball back and forth over the net—until a fault occurs. There is a maximum of three hits per side.
• The objective is to score points by sending the ball over the net, grounding it into the opponent’s court.
• Volleyball matches are made up of sets, typically three or five sets.
• Players may not hit the ball twice in succession (a block is not considered a hit).
• After the serve, front-line players may switch positions at the net.
• Matches are made up of sets; the number depends on level of play.
• Volleyball Rule Violations

  • Stepping on or across the service line when serving while making contact with the ball
  • Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully
  • Ball-handling errors and contacting the ball illegally (double touching, lifting, carrying, throwing, etc.)
  • Touching the net with any part of the body while the ball is in play
  • Blocking a ball coming from the opponent's court and contacting the ball when reaching over the net if your opponent has not used 3 contacts AND has a player there to make a play on the ball
  • Attacking a ball coming from the opponent's court and contacting the ball when reaching over the net when the ball has not yet broken the vertical plane of the net
  • Crossing the court centerline with any part of your body, with the exception of a hand or foot. It is only considered a violation if the entire hand or entire foot crosses the court centerline
  • Serving out of rotation or out of order
  • Back row player blocking (deflecting a ball coming from the opponent) when, at the moment of contact, the back row player is near the net and has part of their body above the top of the net
  • Back row player attacking a ball inside the front zone (the area inside the 3M/10-foot line) when, at the moment of contact, the ball is completely above the net