EU2 DWV

• Building Drain – is that part of the lowest horizontal piping of a drainage system which receives the discharge from soil, waste & other drainage pipes inside the walls of the building & conveys it to the building sewer beginning 600 mm outside the building wall. It is also known as House Drain.
• Building Sewer – is that part of the horizontal piping of a drainage system which starts from the end of the building drain & receives the discharge of the building drain & conveys it to the public sewer, private sewer, individual sewage disposal system or other point of disposal.
• House Sewer – is that part of a plumbing system extending from the house drain at a point 600 mm from the outside face of the foundation wall of a building to the conjunction with the street sewer or to any point of discharge, and conveying the drainage of one building site.
• Waste pipe - a pipe which conveys only wastewater or liquid waste, free of fecal matter.
• Soil pipe - any pipe which conveys the discharge of water closet, urinal or fixtures having similar functions, with or without the discharges from other fixtures to the building drain or building sewer
• Soil Stack pipe - A vertical soil pipe conveying fecal matter and wastewater.
• Vent pipe - a pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for relieving the negative pressure exerted on trap seals.
• Vent Stack - the vertical vent pipe installed primarily for providing circulation of air to and from any part of the soil, waste of the drainage system.
• Stack Vent - the extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack.
• Stack Vent Through Roof (SVTR) - the uppermost end of the stack vent above the roof.
• Branch Vent - a horizontal vent connecting one or more individual vertical back vents with the vent stack or stack vent.
• The drainage system is  composed of the piping network within a structure which conveys sewage, rainwater, or other wastes from their point of origin to a point of disposal. Such as a public sewer or a private treatment facility (septic tank). This system is often known as the DWV System (Drainage, Waste and Vent).
• Soil Drainage System -The piping that conveys the discharge of water closets or fixtures having similar functions (containing fecal matter), with or without the discharges from other fixtures
• Waste Drainage System or Sanitary Drainage SystemThe piping that receives the liquid discharge, from plumbing fixtures other than those fixtures (water closets) receiving fecal matter. This piping is free of fecal flow.
• Storm Drainage System

  The piping system that receives clear water drainage from leaders, downspouts, surface run-off, ground water, subsurface water, condensate water, cooling water or other similar discharges and conveys them to the point of disposal. All sanitary wastes must be excluded.
• Vent System

  the piping system that receives a flow or air to or from a drainage system or to provide a circulation of air within such system to protect trap seals from siphonage or back pressure.
• TRAPS

  permit waste & wastewater to enter the drainage system & prevent any sewer gases from entering the house. The water seal utilizes a portion of the wastewater to act as a barrier
• WASTE LINES carry wastes such as hair, lint, grease, food scraps, etc. Because of this function, cleanouts should be located so that the entire system can be opened up if necessary.
• VENTS protect the water seals in traps and permit them to operate effectively. By admitting air to the system, vents permit atmospheric pressure on both sides of the trap seal to be maintained, and permit air to enter at the same time as gases escape the drainage system.
• SOIL STACKS & LINES are bigger in diameter than the waste lines, except at ground floor or basement
• The waste pipe is any pipe in a drainage installation which receives the discharge of any fixture except the same to the soil branch, soil pipe or house drain.
• Any pipe that receives and conveys discharges of water closet, with or without the discharge coming from other fixtures to the house drain or house sewer is called Soil Pipe.
• The word Soil is affixed to pipe installation that carries human waste coming from water closet. Minus the waste coming from water closet, aid installation is called Waste Pipe. Soil pipe installed vertically is called Soil Stack and Soil Branch when installed horizontally.
• A Vent is a pipe or opening that brings outside air into the plumbing system and equalizes the pressure on both sides of a trap to prevent trap seal loss.
• All horizontal piping shall be run in practical alignment and at a uniform grade of not less than two (2%) percent or 20mm rise per meter length, and shall be supported or anchored at intervals not exceeding 3.0m (10feet).
• All stacks shall be properly supported at their bases and all pipes shall be rigidly secured. Two inches (2") rise per every one hundred (100") length.
• All changes in direction shall be made by the appropriate forty-five degree (45 deg) wyes, half wyes, long sweep quarter bends, except that single sanitary tees may be used on vertical stacks, and short quarter bends may be used in soil and waste lines where the change in direction of flow is from the horizontal to the vertical. Tees and crosses may be used in vent pipes.
• No double hub, double T branch shall be used on horizontal soil or waste line. The drilling and tapping of house drains, soil waste or vent pipes and the use of saddle hubs and bends are prohibited.
• a tilted or crooked joint connection which is called “Premature Waste Line Defects”.
• One trap, centrally located, may serve three single compartment, sinks or laundry tubs or lavatories, adjacent to each other and in the same room, where their waste outlets are not more than 0.75m apart.
• The developed length of the trap arm (measured from the top of closet ring to inner edge of vent) of a water closet or similar fixture shall not exceed 1.8 m.For trap arm 76 mm dia or larger, a cleanout is required for a change of direction of greater than 22 ½°.
• The Common P-Trap

  Used for lavatories, kitchen sinks, laundry tubs, & urinals

  Materials commonly used for the P-trap: nickel, chrome plated brass, Galvanized malleable copper, & PVC.
• The Deep Seal P-Trap

  Water seal is about twice the size of The common P-trap

  Used for extreme conditions because resealing quality is greater
• The Stand Trap

  Used for fixtures such as slop sinks that are usually built low in the ground, leaving very little space for a foundation & a trap

  Serves as a water seal & structural support for the fixture
• The Running Trap

  Used within the line of the house drain
• The Drum Trap

  Has a large diameter (around 0.16 m)

  Used for fixtures that discharge large amount of water (bathtubs, shower or floor drains)
• INSTALLATION OF TRAPS

  The vertical distance between a fixture outlet tailpiece and the trap weir shall not exceed 0.60 m in length.

  Horizontal Distance of Trap Arms
• CLEAN-OUTS REQUIRED

  • At the upper terminal of every horizontal sewer or waste line

  • At each run of piping more than 15 meters (50 feet) in total developed length at every 15 m (50 ft) of total developed length or a fraction thereof

  • Additional clean-out shall be provided on a horizontal line with an aggregate offset angle exceeding 135°

  • Inside the building near the connection between the building drain and the building sewer or installed outside the building at the lower end of the building drain and extended to grade.
• CLEAN-OUTS NOT REQUIRED

  On short horizontal drainage pipe installed at a slope of 72 deg or less from the vertical line (or at an angle of 1/5 bend)

  On a horizontal drain less than 1.5 m in length unless such line is serving sinks or urinals.
• Vent Pipe - A pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for relieving the negative pressure exerted on trap seals.