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• The Upper Outer Quadrant Is the Area Most Targeted By Breast Cancer
• supernumerary nipples - is an additional nipple - a minor birth defect - nonfunctional, without accompanying mammary glands
• Anatomic Breast Landmarks And Their Position In The Thoraxo extending vertically from the 2nd to the 6th rib and laterally from the sternal border to the axilla
• breasts change occurs between ages 8-13
• Gynecomastia - enlargement of the male breast due to hormonal changes
• Nipples - round, hairless pigmented protrusion of erectile tissue approximately 0.5 to 1.5 in diameter
• Lactiferous ducts - there are 12 to 20 minute openings on the surface of the nipple
• Areola - a pigmented area surrounding the nipples approximately 2.5 to 10cm in diameter
• montgomery's tubercle - appears rough because it contains modified sebaceous (oil) glands - helps lubricate the nipple, lactation
• Central Nodes - most frequently palpable of the axillary lymph nodes - lie along the chest wall, usually high in the axilla and midway between the anterior and posterior axillary folds
• Pectoral Nodes (anterior) - located along the lower border of the pectoralis major inside the anterior axillary fold
• Subscapular Nodes (posterior) - located along the lower border of the pectoralis major inside the anterior axillary fold
• Lateral Nodes (brachial) - located along the upper humerus
• peau d’orange - pigskin-like or orange peel appearance
• the breast is normally convex, without flattening
• Fibroadenomas - lobular, ovoid, round noncancerous breast lumps
• yellow discharge known as COLOSTRUM
• ▪ D – ischarge ▪ I – nversion ▪ S – kin changes ▪ C – ompare with the other side
• vertical strip - Best validated technique in detecting breast mass
• bimanual technique - if the client has large breasts