Infection of Mouth and Skin

• Pyrogens 


  Group of chemically diverse substances
• Endotoxin 


  Irritating strong innate immune system.
• Exotoxin


  Peptides secreted by Gram-positive bacteria.
• Dimorphic Fungi


  May grow as yeasts or moulds depending on the temperature.
• Gram-positive 


  Bacteria that retain the crystal violet dye. Has thick cell walls.
• Nonmotile


  Microorganisms lacking the ability to move spontaneously.
• Nonspore-forming


  Microbes that do not produce spores as means of survival.
• Catalase-negative Cocci


  Cocci-shaped bacteria that do not produce the enzyme catalase.
• Facultative Anaerobes


  Organisms capable of thriving in both aerobic and anaerobic environments.
• Obligate anaerobes 


  Microbes that can only survive in environment with no oxygen.
• Spores


  Resistant structures to withstand harsh conditions.
• Flagella


  Whip-like appendages on the surface of cells that enables mobility.
• Gram-negative bacteria


  Shows pink or red stain and has thin walls.
• Bacteremia


  Presence of bacteria in bloodstream.
• Nosocomial 


  Infection acquired im a hospital.
• Immunocompromised 


  Weak immune system.
• Inoculation 


  Introduction of pathogen into a living organism to stimulate production of antibodies.
• Bacterial Skin Infection 


  Invasion of harmful bacteria into the skin.
• Group A Streptococcus 


  Prevalent bacterium present on the skin or in the throat causing strep throat.
• Impetigo (GAS)


  Red, itchy sores that break open and leak a clear fluid or pus for few days.
• Scarlet Fever (GAS)


  Red rash usually begins on the face and neck. Flushed face and strawberry tongue.
• Staphylococcus aureus 


  Commonly known as "straph". Only becomes problematic when it can enter the skin through a cut.
• Boils (Staph)


  A painful, red bump that starts out small and can enlarge to more than 2 inches. Develops yellow-white tip that ruptures to drain pus.
• Cellulitis (Staph)


  redness, swelling, and pain in the infected area of the skin. enter through a crack or break in the skin.
• Folliculitis (staph)


  Infection of hair follicles. White-headed pimple at the base of hair shafts. Irritated skin from rubbing against clothing.
• Fungal Infection 


  Diseases caused by fungus.
• Athlete's Foot (Tinea Pedis)


  Caused by either:

  1. Trichophyton rubrum
  2. T. mentagrophytes
  3. T. interdigitale
  4. Epidermophyton floccosum
• Jock Itch (Tinea cruris)


  Itch in warm, moist areas like your genitals, inner thighs, and buttocks.
• Ring worm (Tinea corporis)


  Caused by Trichophyton or Microsporum. Ring-shaped rash with a winding, worm-like edge.
• Candidiasis (Cutaneous candidiasis)


  Caused by Candida species. Fungal infection of skin. Red rash.
• Viral Infection 


  Response to a virus that's already in the body.
• Measles


  Highly contagious disease caused by a virus.
• Water warts (Molluscum Contagiosum)


  Viral Infection of the skin that results in a small raised pink lesions with a dimple in the center. Caused by poxvirus called Molluscum Contagiosum.
• Herpes (HSV)


  Common infection that cause painful blisters or ulcers.
• Burns


  Wounds sustained through thermal injury.
• Thermal Burns


  Burns due to heat.
• Radiation Burns


  Burns due to prolonged exposure to UB rays of sun, etc .
• Chemical Burns


  Burns due to strong acids, alkalies, detergents, solvents.
• Electrical Burns


  Burns from electrical current.
• First-Degree Burns


  Affects only the epidermis. Red, painful, dry, no blister.