Biology (Module 1, Lesson 12)

• The iris expands or contracts in response to light
• The eye is the sense organ that allows one to see
• Light enters the cornea
• The pupil changes its size to control the amount of light that enters the eye.
• When would pupil become wide?

  When the light passes the pupil into the lens.
• What are the two kinds of receptors in the retina?

  Rods and Cones
• What detects the presence or absence of light in the eyes?

  Rods
• What detects the color of the objects that you see?

  Cones
• What nerve connects to the brain?

  Optic Nerve
• Ear is the body organ that makes us hear
• What part of the ear collects sound waves?

  Outer Ear
• What does the outer ear collect?

  Sound Waves
• What are the three small bones of the middle ear?

  Hammer, Anvil, Stirrup
• Eardrum vibrates and moves the three small bones in the middle ear.
• It vibrates and moves the three small bones of the middle ear.

  Eardrum
• A fluid-filled that produces vibration as the sound wave travels in the inner ear

  Cochlea
• What is the other function of the ears?

  Maintains balance
• When you smell pleasant or unpleasant odor, what does it stimulate?

  Smell Receptors
• The stimulus is carried to the brain by what nerve?

  Olfactory nerve
• Name two body sense organs that have special features.

  Tongue and Skin
• The tongue is covered by what tissue?

  Mucosa
• What are the tiny bumps on the surface of the tongue?

  Papillae
• The receptors are located in the taste buds of the tongue.
• Name the four primary tastes of the tongue.

  1. Sweet
  2. Sour
  3. Bitter
  4. Salty
• What is the fluid that dissolves food?

  Saliva
• What is the largest organ in our body?

  Skin
• It reacts to the injury and pain.

  Pain receptors
• It detects hot and cold air/water.

  Temperature receptors
• An organ is a group of two or more different tissues that work together and perform a certain function.
• Who is the physician that studied human anatomy in the early 16th century?

  Andrea Vesalius
• The brain is located in the head of our body.
• What protects the brain?

  Skull
• Controls thought processes and the major functions and senses of the body.

  Cerebrum
• Controls muscular coordination, balance, and normal body posture.

  Cerebellum
• The brainstem connects the brain to the spinal cord.
• It maintains internal balance such as water and blood pressure.

  Hypothalamus
• It relay stations of neurons and reflex centers for involuntary actions.

  Midbrain
• The pons connects the two halves of cerebrum, cerebral cortex to the medulla.
• It regulates heartbeat, breathing and sneezing.

  Medulla
• A double walled sac that covers the heart

  Pericardium