Life Science: Transpiration

• Transpiration is the is the process where by a plat gives of water vapor through the stomata
• Water and mineral salts are pulled up the plant against gravity through the transpiration pull
• The rate of transpiration depends on the temperature, light intensity, humidity, wind speed and the size of the leaf surface area.
• Water potential is when water from a low concentration area moves to a higher concentration area
• Cohesion is the force that allows the water molecules to attract one another
• Adhesion is the force that allows water molecules to be attracted to the walls of a solid substance
• Evaporation of water on the leaves surface can cool the plant down on hot days
• Stomata are tiny pores under the leaf that allow certain gases into the plant and allows water vapor out. they also control the water lose in a plant
• Stomata consist of two guard cells which are able to move closer or more apart from each other
• Stomata open during day break but close at night when photosynthesis stops to occur
• Water potential in a leaf is higher during the day
• Adaptation of a leaf can include size of the leaf,thorns and modified leaves,leaf organisation,position of stomata, sunken stomata ,hairs on the leaf,thickened cuticle
• Wilting happens if a leaf loses too much water
• Guttation is when water is released from the stomata in the form of water droplets
• The xylem is a series of connecting dead cell that are connected to each other through lignin
• The transpiration stream is the movement of water up and out of the plant
• The Phloem is made up of columns of living cells and transports food in the form of cell sap
• Translocation is the movement of materials from leaves to other parts of the plant