Nucleus and Ribosomes

• The nucleus contains most of the cells genetic information.
• Nuclear envelope is made up of two membranes, an inner nuclear membrane and outer nuclear membrane
• Nuclear pores are where ribosomes exit the nucleus and are holes that allow substances to pass through from cytoplasm into the nucleus or vice versa.
• Chromatin is DNA wrapped around proteins called histones
• Pores are present on both sides of the nuclear envelope to allow substances to pass through
• Ribosome is where protein synthesis occurs
• DNA is coiled tightly into chromosomes during cell division
• DNA is coiled into chromosomes during cell division
• Mitochondria is responsible for aerobic respiration
• In eukaryotic cells, DNA is found inside the nucleus
• In Prokaryotic cells, DNA is found in the nucleoid.
• In the Eukaryotic cells, other DNA is found in the mitochondria and the cytoplast.
• In prokaryotic cells, other DNA is found in the plasmid (extra copy of chromosomes).
• The structural components of the nucleus are the "nuclear envelope" and the "nucleolus".
• DNA organized into discrete units is called chromosomes.
• Chromosomes- each composed of a single DNA molecule associated with proteins.
• Gene -groups of DNA become a group.
• chromatin - preparing for nuclear division.
• Chromatin - DNA + histone protein.
• Nucleoplasm - fluid inside the nucleus that contains enzymes needed for transcription.
• Ribosome - site of protein synthesis (translation).
• mitosis is when one cell divides into two cells, this happens during growth and repair.
• meiosis is where one parental cell divides to form four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. This occurs during sexual reproduction.
• like chromosome, a more compact and defined structure than chromatin, and has one strand.
• Chromosomes have two strands, compared with chromatid which has one.
• Prokaryotes have circular DNA while eukaryotes have linear DNA.
• The nucleolus is found within the nucleus and it's function is to produce ribosomal subunits.
• Chromatin -condensed to form chromosomes as cells prepare to divide.
• uses the information from DN to make protein. - Ribosome
• Particles made of RIBOSOMAL RNA and protein. - Ribosomes
• original source of instruction. - DNA
• Ribosomal location and types: 1.) Rough endoplasmic reticulum 2.) cytoplasm
• Ribosomal shape: spherical or oval shaped
• have attached or bound ribosomes. - rough endoplasmic reticulum
• has free ribosomes suspended in it (ribosomes freely floating. - Cytoplasm
• Produces ribosomes. - nucleolus