PH 125: Public Health Pharmacy w/ Pharmacoepidemiology pt. 1
Cards (69)
- Consists of: Pharmacology --> Pharmacoepidemiology --> 1. _____ 2. ______
- study of the use and effect of medicine in large number of people
- it can be defined as the study of the therapeutic effect(s), risk and use of drugs, usually in large populations, using epidemiological methods and/or reasoning
- study of the relationships between diseases or any other biological phenomenon and various factors which can influence their frequency, distribution and evolution
- study of the relationships between diseases or any other biological phenomenon and various factors which can influence their ____, ____ and ____ (DEF)
- Application of the principles of epidemiology to drug effect and drug use
- Better assessment of ____ balance for the use of any particular drug in any particular patient
- Drug effect in individual patient
- drug usage pattern and appropriateness of drug use in groups
- relation between drug exposure and health outcomes in defined population
- a noxious and unintended response to a medicine that occurs at normal therapeutic doses used in humans for prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease, or for the medication of physiologic function
- the word "effect" is used interchangeably with "____"
- the word "effect" is used interchangeably with "reaction"
- Patient injury caused by a medicine taken in therapeutic dose
- A, B, C, D, E, F (6)
- Dose-related
- Non dose-related
- Dose-related and time related
- time related/lag time
- withdrawal
- unexpected failure of therapy/no response
- Exaggerated pharmacological response
- Toxic (eg. deafness from aminoglycoside overdose)
- Nonpharmacological, often allergic, response
- Idiosyncratic reactions (eg. aplastic anemia with chloramphenicol)
- Osteoporosis with oral steroids
- Teratogenic effects with anticonvulsants or lisinopril
- Withdrawal syndrome with benzodiazepines
- Resistance to antimicrobials
- Decrease of clearance in dialysis
- any unintended effect of a pharmaceutical product occurring at normal therapeutic doses and is related to its pharmacological properties
- such effects may be well-known and even expected and require little or no change in patient management
- any untoward medical occurrence that occurs at any dose and results in death, requires hospital admission or prolonged hospital stay, results in persistent or significant disability, or is life threatening
- eg. ____, originally made to cure hypertension now for erectile dysfunction
- the probability that a particular medicine is responsible for an isolated effect or ADR
- reported information on a possible causal relationship between an adverse event and a medicine, the relationship being previously unknown or incompletely documented
- usually more than one signal report is required to generate a signal, depending on the seriousness of the event and the quality of the information
- example is Domperidone
- when drugs have unique benefit and risk can be manage