Punishment & Social Control

• Social Control


  the ways in which a social system attempts to regulate people's behaviour, thoughts, feelings and appearance

  - theeffects of a social systemNOTnecessarilyits purposeaccording to its own self-concept
• Internal Social Control


  - achieved via socialization

  - shapes people's attitudes to regard deviant behaviour as undesirable'

  - source of conformity to social expectation is INTERNAL to the social actor (what they believe is right or wrong)

  Ex:when a camera is pointed at you (panopticon) because you never know when your manger is watching
• External Social Control


  - regulates behaviour by imposing punishments and offering rewards

  - source of conformity to social expectation is EXTERNAL to the social actor

  Ex:studying and grades

  Ex:when your manager comes into the store to watch you work
• Panopticism


  a form of social control that has to do with how people in society react to being subjected tosurveillance
• Michele Foucault in 1975


  a social theorist who introduced the concept of panopticism or the "logic of panopticism"
• Panopticon (a type of internal social control)


  the possibility of being watched is constant because you never know whether you're being watched at any given moment

  Ex:the structure of the prison (is called a...)
• Internalization of the Gaze

  people "internalize" the gaze of the panoptic observer, subjecting themselves to surveillance and the panoptic order

  - gaze is present in one's subjectivity (mind) even when one is not subjected to surveillance (constantly thinking about filming something)
• Biopolitics


  mechanisms of surveillance that go underneath the behaviour (at the level of the biological organism