ABRAHAM MOSLOW

• Hierarchy of Needs


  A theory of motivation proposed by Abraham Maslow

  
• 1. Needs

  Growth or being needs
• 1. Needs

  Deficiency needs
• Levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

  • Physiological Needs
  • Safety Needs
  • Love and Belonging Needs
  • Esteem Needs
  • Self-Actualization

  
• Physiological Needs


  • Needs such as food, shelter, sleep, and homeostasis (the body's ability to maintain its natural state)
  • These are the needs that are critical for survival
  • If these needs are not satisfied the human body cannot function optimally
  • Maslow considered physiological needs the most important as all the other needs become secondary until these needs are met
• Safety Needs


  • Expand beyond the physical to include emotional safety, order and predictability, routines, and stability
• Love and Belonging Needs

  • The need to belong and be loved by others becomes important once physical and safety needs are met
• Esteem Needs


  • The need or desire for a stable, firmly based, (usually) high evaluation of themselves, for self-respect, or self-esteem, and for the esteem of others
• Self-Actualization


  • The personal desire to do something substantial that helps us to reach our fullest potential
  • The specific form this need takes varies greatly from person to person
• The five-stage model can be divided into deficiency needs (D-needs) and growth needs (B-needs)
• Deficiency needs


  Arise due to deprivation and motivate people when they are unmet. The motivation to fulfill such needs will become stronger the longer the duration they are denied.
• Growth needs


  Do not stem from a lack of something, but rather from a desire to grow as a person. Once these growth needs have been reasonably satisfied, one may be able to reach the highest level called self-actualization.
• Additional Needs in Maslow's Hierarchy

  • Cognitive Needs (knowledge and understanding, curiosity, exploration, need for meaning and predictability)
  • Aesthetic Needs (appreciation and search for beauty, balance, form, etc.)
  • Transcendence Needs (motivated by values which transcend beyond the personal self)

  
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