South Sudan -LIDC Case Study

• Introduction


  South Sudan is located in East Africa and is the world's newest sovereign state created in 2011 after separating from Sudan. There have been many challenges to the State Building of the country due to its political infighting with an ethnic component between the president Kiir representing the Dinka Tribe and Vice President Machar representing the Nuer tribe.
• UNHCR- United Nations High Commissions for Refugees

  • Problem: It was put in place due to the large number of IDPs and refugees in South Sudan
  • Example: there are 730,000 refugees who fled to neighbouring countries and 1.5 million IDPs
  • What did they do: To minimise this the UNHCR urged the government to sign international conventions for refugee protection
  • Consequences: civilian protection camps for IDPs were set up in local communities in South Sudan that provided food and shelter
  • Timescale: Short term benefit for the local community as the camps were removed once the commission left.
• NGO's- Non Governmental Organisations

  • NGOs work with the UN to assist local communities
  • Problem: these were put in place to reduce the 8/12 million people that are at risk of food insecurity as well as the 1/3 of children who experience malnutrition
  • Example: NGO forum organises more than 300 NGOs that address humanitarian and development needs
  • In South Sudan, MSF was an organisation where doctors travelled to give vulnerable children the treatment they needed
  • Timescale: short term scale as when treating acute malnutrition MSF focused on immediate relief rather than long term solutions.      
• Use the case study of South Sudan if the question says ' conflict '
• WHO: World Health Organisation

  • Problem: It was put in place due to the lack of hygiene and safe drinking water
  • Example: 50% of South Sudan's population lack access to clean drinking water
  • To minimise: Operated oral cholera vaccination campaigns
  • Consequence: These campaigns set up cholera treatment centres
  • Long term scale as vaccinations are life long
• What is IGAD?

  • An inter-governmental political union in East Africa
  • Why was it put in place: to accelerate economic and social development
• IGAD: What were the problems that needed the Organisation?

  • South Sudan was a fragile state and had a civil war due to tribal divides between Dinka and Nuer tribe> thousands died
  • Instability and conflict over oil and agricultural land
• IGAD: What did they do to solve the problem?

  • Attempted to include the South Sudanese government in mediation
  • Signed multiple treaties
• IGAD: Examples of Treaties signed

  • African Charter on human rights
  • Convention against torture
  • Convention of rights of a child
  • Convention on all forms of discrimination against women
• IGAD: Consequences on local communities

  • Peace agreements and treaties have brought hope to local communities
  • But there are still challenges due to lack of government cooperation which is harmful to the locals
• IGAD: Timescale

  • Short term: hope for local communities
  • Long term: challenges still exist such as poverty alleviation