P3-Particle Model Of Matter

• all matter is made up of particles like solids, liquids, gases
• solids are strong forces of attraction hold the particles close together is a fixed regular arrangement and the particles don`t have much energy so they only vibrate about their fixed positions
• liquids are weak forces of attraction between the particles and the particles are close together but can move past each other and form irregular arrangements and they have more energy than the particles in a solid they move in random directions at low speeds
• gases are almost no forces of attraction between the particles and the particles have more energy than in liquid and solids and they are free to move and are constantly moving with random directions and speeds
• colliding gases create pressure. when particles collide they exert a force and pressure is the force exerted so in concealed containers the outward gas pressure is the total force exerted by all of the particles in the gas on the container walls
• increasing the temperature of a gas can increase its pressure. the higher the temperature the higher the average energy so if you increase the temp of gas the average speed of its particles increase
• density = mass / volume
• pressure practical

  A) mass

  B) length, width and height

  C) volume

  D) displaced

  E) volume

  F) denisty

  G) measuring cylinder

  H) mass

  I) total volume

  J) denisty

  K) liquid

  
• internal energy is the total energy stored by particles
• solid to liquid to gas

  A) freezing

  B) melting

  C) sublimating

  D) condensing

  E) boiling or evaporating

  
• specific latent heat is the energy needed to change the state of a 1kg mass. for cooling the energy is released. for melting or freezing its called fusion. for evaporating, boiling or condensing is called vaporisation