P 2

• Behavioral Change


  Any transformation or modification of human behavior. It focuses on the "how's and why's" of behavior change.
• Transtheoretical Model


  Also known as the Stages of Change. It was developed by Prochaska and Diclemente in the 1970s. This model states that if a person changes, they go through a certain cycle consisting of 6 stages.
• Precontemplation


  • You don't acknowledge that there is a problem that needs to be changed. You put too much emphasis on the CONS of changing behavior. You always defend your unhealthy habits and do not feel it is a problem. Moto in Life: "we will all die in the end, so I'll just do whatever I want" or "Whatever you say, I don't care".
• Contemplation


  • You are now more aware on the pros of changing behavior. You intend to start a healthier behavior in the foreseeable future. Moto in Life: I am not yet ready but I will think about it.
• Determination


  • Also known as the Preparation Stage. You are now looking into the positive side of changing and will now start taking action within the next 30 days. Spiral Progression is essential in this stage. Moto: Don't rush, one step at a time.
• Action


  • You start acquiring new healthy behaviors. Moto: Today is the day, no excuses.
• Maintenance


  • You should be able to avoid any temptation successfully. You should prevent relapse from happening.
• Relapse and Termination


  • Returning to your old behavior. Disregarding new changes. May foster a mindset that what they are used to do is more convenient. No longer have the desire to go back to your old behavior. The hardest stage and sometimes not considered as part of the model.
• Processes of Change


  These are often called the link between each stage. These processes will help you progress through the cycle. There are 2 types: Experiential Process and Behavioral Process.
• Experiential Processes


  • Consciousness Raising
  • Dramatic Relief
  • Environmental Re-Evaluation
  • Social Liberation
  • Self Re-evaluation
• Behavioral Processes


  • Stimulus Control
  • Helping Relationship
  • Counter Conditioning
  • Reinforce Management
  • Self Liberation
• Consciousness Raising

  Increasing awareness about the healthy behavior
• Dramatic Relief

  Emotional arousal, whether positive or negative, about the health behavior
• Environmental Reevaluation

  Social reappraisal to reflect how their unhealthy behavior affects others
• Self-Reevaluation

  Self reappraisal to realize the health behavior is part of who they want to be
• Social Liberation


  Environmental opportunities that demonstrate society is supportive of the healthy behavior
• Behavioral Process


  1. Self-Liberation

  2. Helping Relationships

  3. Counter-Conditioning

  4. Reinforcement Management

  5. Stimulus Control
• Self-Liberation

  Commitment to change behavior based on the belief that achievement of the healthy behavior is possible
• Helping Relationships


  Finding supportive relationships that encourage the desired change
• Counter-Conditioning


  Substituting healthy behaviors and thoughts for unhealthy behavior and thoughts
• Reinforcement Management


  Rewarding the positive behavior and reducing the rewards that come from negative behavior
• Stimulus Control


  Re-engineering the environment to have reminders and cues that support and encourage the healthy behavior and remove those that encourage the unhealthy behavior