mcb 11 - fungi

• Microsporidia - unicellular fungi that are obligate intracellular parasites
• Microsporidia - a number of species are human pathogens
• Microsporidia - form a very early-branching lineage of Eukarya
• All fungi are eukaryotic.
• Most are filamentous; some are unicellular.
• chitin glucan - Protoplasm of a hypha or cell is surrounded by a rigid wall
• saprophytic - gets its energy from dead organic matter
• Hypha – tubular filament exhibiting apical growth
• Mycelium – mass of hyphae
• Thallus – body/soma of fungi
• septate - has septa
• coenocytic - no septa
• Haustoria - outgrowth of somatic hypha in parasitic fungi
• Vegetative hyphae: penetrate the media and absorb food
• Aerial hyphae: directed above the surface of media
• Reproductive hyphae - carry different spores
• Stolon - hypha that connects two rhizoids
• Rhizoids - root-like structures
• Ring - formed by nematode-trapping fungi, hyphae adapted for trapping and killing prey
• Saprophytes - Organisms “feeding” on dead or decaying organic matter
• In terms of nutrition fungi are: Chemoheterotrophic
• C source – preferably glucose or maltose
• N source – organic and inorganic
• Temp requirement – most grow at 0-35C, opt 38-39C
• pH requirement = 6
• Lichens - association between fungi (mycobiont) and algae (photobiont)used as biomonitors of atmospheric quality
• Soredia - common reproductive structures of lichens.
• Lichenometry - determine the age of exposed rock surfaces based on the size of lichen thalli
• Biodegradation - degrade polyester resins and accumulate lead and

  copper
• Usnic acid - suppression of tuberculosis, bioactive compound mainly found as a secondary metabolite in lichens.
• Mycorrhizae - Association between plant roots and fungi
• Asexual cycle is usually repeated several times during the season, whereas sexual stage of many fungi is produced only once a year
• phylum

  A) chytridiomycota

  B) zygomycota

  C) glomeromycota

  D) ascomycota

  E) basidiomycota

  
• Microsporidia - Enterocystozoan bieneusi is what phylum ng fungi
• chitin and glucans - Protoplasm of a hypha or cell is surrounded by a rigid wall
• All fungi are chemoheterotrophic, achlorophyllous, mainly saprophytic
• types ng hyphae

  A) reproductive hyphae

  B) mycelium

  C) aerial hyphae

  D) vegetative hyphae

  
• Saprophytes - Organisms “feeding” on dead or decaying organic matter
• leprose - lichen na like powder dusted on the rock
• crustose placodioid - grows like a crust, and in a pattern that radiates outward from the center