AIRCRAFT

• An aircraft is a vehicle that can fly by gaining support from the air. It counters the force of gravity by using either static lift or by using the dynamic lift of an airfoil, or in a few cases, the downward thrust from jet engines.
• AIRCRAFT - defined as a heavier-than-air machine propelled by a mechanical force and held aloft by the dynamic action of the air upon its surfaces.
• An airplane is any various winged vehicle capable of flight, generally heavier than air, and driven by jet engines and propellers.
• Wings - otherwise known as an airfoil, are designed to keep the aircraft in the air or control its movement.
• Wings - an airfoil designed to convert the reaction of the air through which it is passed into a lifting force. It is the primary lifting surface

  of an aircraft.
• conventional wings (3 general types)

  • monospar
  • two-spar
  • multi-spar
• Wing Spar – sometimes called a wing beam, is the principal span-wise member of the wing structure.
• Monospar – has only one spar
• Two-Spar – has two spars
• Multi-spar – has more than two spars
• fuselages - the body of an aircraft, to which the wings and the tail unit are attached. provides space for the crew, passengers, cargo, controls,

  and other items, depending on the size and design of the aircraft.
• Types of fuselages

  • truss types
  • monocoque construction
  • semi-monocoque construction
• Truss Type - This consists of light gauge steel tubes that form a frame triangular shape to give the most rigid of geometric forms
• Monocoque Construction - 'Monocoque' is a French word

  meaning 'single shell'.
• parts of the airplane

  A) aileron

  B) radio antenna

  C) elevator trim tab

  D) vertical stabilizer

  E) flashing beacon

  F) rudder

  G) elevator

  H) horizontal stabilizer

  I) flaps

  J) navigation light

  K) landing gear

  L) fusetage

  M) fuel tank

  N) engine

  O) propeller

  
• airplane parts definitions

  A) control yaw

  B) control pitch

  C) change yaw (side to side)

  D) generate lift

  E) change pitch (up-down)

  F) generate thrust

  G) charge lift and drag

  H) change roll (rotate body)

  I) change lift and drag (rotate body)

  J) change lift

  K) command and control

  L) hold things together

  
• aircraft lift

  A) faster

  B) lower

  C) faster

  D) lower air pressure

  E) slower

  F) higher air pressure

  G) slower

  H) higher

  
• airfoil

  • chord line

  A) asymmetrical

  B) symmetrical

  
• the four forces of flight

  • weight
  • lift
  • thrust
  • drag
• Weight - the force that pulls the aircraft down back to the ground.
• Lift - Is the force that lifts an aircraft off the ground, overcoming its weight and gravity.
• 1. Thrust - it is the force that pushes an aircraft forward.
• Drag - It is the resistance of air when an aircraft is moving forward.
• cockpit - This is where the aircraft is controlled by pilots. It is also called a flight deck.
• • Empennage/Tail Assembly - Located at the rear of an airplane, the empennage helps stabilize the airplane.
• Landing gear - The landing gear is located at the very bottom part of an airplane. It is used for taking off and land
• first filipino military pilot

  • Leoncio Malinao
• Current Commanding General of the Philippine Air Force

  • Major General Stephen P. Parreño (December 20, 2022 – present)
• Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines

  • President Ferdinand “Bongbong” R. Marcos Jr.