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• Brain Parts


  • Cerebrum
  • Cerebellum
  • Brain stem
  • Thalamus
  • Hypothalamus
• 5 Main Functions of the Brain

  • Processes and relays info
  • Initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature
  • Responsible for muscle control, including balance and movement
  • Helps regulate some body functions, including breathing and heart rate
  • Maintains homeostasis by influencing autonomic nervous system or by managing hormones
• Spinal Cord


  Sends motor commands from the brain to the body, sends sensory information from the body to the brain, and coordinates reflexes
• Skull


  Provides protection and structure
• Meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid

  Acts as a shock absorber cushion and provides basic protection for the brain
• Neuron Types


  • Motor neuron
  • Sensory neuron
  • Interneuron
• Functions of Neuron Types

  • Allow us to move by sending commands from the brain to the muscles
  • Carry information about changes in external and internal environments to the central nervous system
  • Enable communication between the sensory or motor neuron with the central nervous system and play a vital role in reflexes to coordinate a response to the stimulus
• Flow of impulses from Stimulus

  1. Stimulus is received by the neuron's dendrite

  2. Transferred to the neuron's cell body

  3. Transferred to the axon

  4. From the axon terminal, passes the stimulus to the next neuron through the synapse
• Main Parts of the Central Nervous System

  • Brain
  • Spinal cord
• Function of the Central Nervous System


  Receives, processes, and responds to sensory information
• Main Parts of the Peripheral Nervous System

  • Somatic nervous system
  • Autonomic nervous system
• Function of the Peripheral Nervous System


  Sends information from different areas of your body back to your brain, as well as carrying out commands from your brain to various parts of your body
• Homeostasis


  A self regulating process where someone maintains internal stability. Homeostasis turns body functions on and off in response to feedback about an organism to keep things in balance
• Path of nerve impulse / neuron to another

  1. Outer ear directs sound waves to eardrum

  2. Eardrum vibrates

  3. Vibrations move through middle ear

  4. Into inner ear

  5. Signals travel to brain

  6. Brain translates signals into what you hear
• Central Nervous System (CNS)

  Composed of the brain and spinal cord, responsible for receiving, processing, and responding to sensory information
• Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)


  Composed of all the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, divided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems
• Somatic Nervous System (SNS)


  Transmits sensory information from the body to the CNS and carries motor commands from the CNS to the muscles
• Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)


  Regulates involuntary body functions, such as heart rate, digestion, and respiration