art app midterms

• Line


  Basic building block of visual design
• Types of line

  • Horizontal
  • Vertical
  • Diagonal
  • Curved
  • Outline
  • Gesture
  • Calligraphic
  • Implied
• Horizontal line


  • Line of rest and quietness, relaxation and contemplation
• Vertical line


  • Pointed, balanced, forceful and dynamic
• Diagonal line

  • Line of action, degree of action shown in the angle
• Curved line


  • Shows action and life and energy, never harsh or stern
• Outline line


  • Line produced by the edge of an object or its silhouette
• Gesture line


  • Line that captures the movement and gestures of an active figure or shape
• Calligraphic line


  Calligraphy comes from Greek words "kallos" (beauty) and "graphein" (to write)
• Implied line


  • Most often used to suggest edge in a drawing where the viewer connects the other elements they would see that the line exists even if it does not
• Form


  Relates closely with line in both definition and effect, comprises the shape of the object within the composition
• Types of form

  • Geometric
  • Organic
• Geometric form


  • Mathematical, precise, can be named like sphere, cube, pyramid, cone, cylinder
• Organic form


  • Free flowing, curvy, sinewy, not symmetrical or easily measurable or named
• Color


  Constitutes an additional and very important aspect of the composition of an artwork
• Types of color

  • Hue
  • Value
  • Intensity
• Hue


  Specific color, the traditional spectrum consists of seven basic hues (ROYGBIV)
• Value


  The relationship of black to white and grays, the lightness or darkness of the color
• Tint


  Values above the normal
• Shade


  Values below normal
• Intensity


  Also called chroma or saturation, the degree of purity of a hue, brightness or dullness of the color
• Space


  Where other elements interact, two types: positive (main focus) and negative (background)
• Double negative space


  • Refers to a blank space used as negative space
• Texture


  The way something feels or the way it looks like it feels, can be used in various art forms
• Types of texture

  • Smooth
  • Rough
  • Hard
  • Soft
  • Woven
  • Bumpy
  • Jagged
  • Ridged
• Pattern


  The essence of any design that is repeated, how the elements repeat or alternate
• Motif


  The part of a pattern that is repeated
• Contrast


  Differences in a work of art, like light and dark, rough and smooth, curved line and straight
• Balance


  Distribution of the visual weight of objects, color, size, and texture in a work of art
• Types of balance

  • Symmetrical
  • Asymmetrical
  • Radial
• Emphasis


  The main idea, the main focus, the thing your eyes see first
• Unity


  When all the elements in a composition work together toward a meaning, the artist strives for a sense of self-contained completeness
• Proportion/Scale


  The size of something compared to what is next to it, the visual size and weight of elements and how they relate
• Rhythm/Movement


  Visual elements that create a sense of action or implied motion, controlling the elements so the eye is led to move
• The Stone Age is a term used to describe a period of history when stones were used to make tools for survival
• Three periods of the Stone Age

  • Paleolithic
  • Mesolithic
  • Neolithic
• Paleolithic art


  • Product of climate change, as climate got colder early humans sought shelters like caves which paved the way for their first attempts at art
• Halls of Bulls


  • Found in the cave in Lascauz, France
• Paleolithic art materials


  • Early humans used ground pigment blown through reeds or hollowed-out bones, worked with foreshortening and contrasting of lights and shadows to draw their everyday lives
• Venus of Willendorf


  • Highly abstracted woman with highlighted body parts associated with fertility, may show importance of these for procreation and survival