Immunology Overview - Innate & Adaptive

• greek for "to produce" - gen or gennan
• active immunity; artificial - HBV vaccine
• active immunity; natural - recovery from infection
• passive immunity; artificial - gamma globulin shot
• To be antigenic, antigens must have the characteristic of: recognized as foreign
• The type of immunity that follows the injection of an antibody is termed: passive
• An example of cell-mediated (cellular) immune response is: tissue rejection
• Substances produced by immune cells that communicate with other immune cells are: cytokines
• The theory of phagocytosis was proposed in 1888 by: Mettinchoff
• An example of the body’s acquired immune mechanism is: antibody formed after illness
• Humoral immunity refers to: production of specific antibody
• Enhancement of phagocytosis by coating foreign microbes with a serum protein is called: opsonization
• Skin, lactic acid secretions, stomach acid and motion of cilia are all examples of natural type of immunity
• Nonspecific immunity is: not against specific diseases
• The structure formed by the fusion of engulfed material and enzymatic granules within the phagocyte is called: phagolysosome
• Contact dermatitis is mediated by: T-lymphocytes
• White blood cells move out of circulation and into surrounding tissues by a process called: diapedisis
• The process by which all animals resist the invasion of foreign microorganisms by inborn or innate means is known as: natural immunity
• The symptoms of inflammation include: swelling, redness, heat, and pain
• The primary immune cell involved with Cell-mediated immunity is the: T-lymphocyte
• Cytokines are soluble proteins produced by: T-lymphocytes
• An example of a viral disease or condition is: hepatitis B
• Receptors on the surface of a T-cell that indicate it is a T helper cell is/are: CD4
• The T-cell that is responsible for triggering antibody production in B-cells is: T helper cell
• Non-specific immunity is immunity: from or against all diseases
• Macrophages that have processed an engulfed foreign antigen become: antigen presenting cells
• In the clonal selection theory, T-cells become differentiated in the: thymus gland
• Normal flora controlling overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria is called: competitive exclusion
• John Smith, a 45 years old male, attended a week long AIG convention in Cancun, Mexico. Upon returning to the United States, Mr. Smith was seen in the emergency room with complaints of 102 C fever, aching, cough, hot & cold sweats and malaise. After testing, Mr. Smith was diagnosed with Swine Flu. This is an example of: natural actively acquired immunity
• Jane Doe visits the pediatrician with her 6 week old newborn for a well baby visit. The newborn will receive the first of a series of childhood immunizations. As a result, the newborn will produce what type of immunity: This is an example of: artificial actively acquired immunity
• Enhancement of phagocytosis by coating of foreign particles with serum proteins is called: opsonization
• The peripheral blood cell/s that plays a key roll in killing parasites is: eosinophils
• One of the following achievements can be attributed to Louis Pasteur: first attenuated vaccines
• Jenner's work with cowpox which provided immunity against smallpox demonstrated the phenomenon of: cross immunity
• The substance that plays an important role as an external defense mechanism is: lysozymes
• The process of inflammation is characterized by all of the following except: decreased capillary permeability
• The white blood cell that is capable of further differentiation in the tissues and called a macrophage is a: monocyte
• The presence of normal flora acts as a defense mechanism by: competing with pathogens for nutrients
• Characteristics of Acute-Phase Reactants includes: all of the above are correct
• The most significant agent formed in the phagolysosome for the killing of microorganisms is: hydrogen peroxide