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CELL BIO (BIOL 2130)
Topic 9
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Actin polymerization
Begins by forming a
small
cluster consisting of
three
actin monomers, called
nucleation
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Actin binding proteins
Regulate actin polymerization by binding to a filament's end and blocking subunit
addition
and
loss
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Energy source for motor proteins
ATP hydrolysis
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Microtubule-organizing center in animal cells
The
centrosome
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Cytoskeletal filaments that form local extensions of the plasma membrane
Actin filaments
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Function of
non-mitotic kinesin
motor proteins
Intracellular transport
(towards the plus end of microtubules)
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Dynein motor proteins that power the beating of cilia and flagella
Axonemal dyneins
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Microtubule-based
structure that acts as antennae sensing
extracellular
signals
Primary cilia
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Main role of γ-tubulin ring complex in the centrosome
It acts as a
seed
for rapid
microtubule
growth
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Spindle microtubules that help chromosomes move toward the spindle poles in Anaphase A
Kinetochore
microtubules
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Part of intermediate filament structure that determines their specific functions
The
variable
head
and
tail
domains
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Cytoskeletal filament dynamic shown in the
figure
Actin
treadmilling
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How the leading edge extends
The extension of the leading edge involves the branching and
polymerization
of
actin
filaments
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