CLF

• Catechism of the Catholic Church defines sin as an offense against reason, truth, and right conscience; it is a failure in genuine love for God and neighbor caused by a perverse attachment to certain goods.
• Destroys charity in the heart of a man by a grave violation of God's law

  Mortal Sin
• Allows the charity to subsist and committed through minor breaches of God’s law

  Venial Sin
• The act itself is intrinsically evil and immoral.

  Grave Matter 
• The person fully understands that the act is immoral or evilThe person fully understands that the act is immoral or evil

  Full Knowledge
• The person commits the immoral act with personal free choice

  Deliberate Consent
• One commits venial sin when, in a less serious matter, he does not observe the standard prescribed by the moral law, or when he disobeys the moral law in a grave matter, but without full knowledge or without complete consent.
• Is the proximate norm of personal morality, our ultimate subjective norm for discerning moral good and evil, with the feeling of being bound to follow its directive.

  Conscience
• To judge the good or evil of an act, our consciences must decide on its three essential aspects:

  1. the nature of the objective of the act (what we do)
  2. the subjective goal or intention as doers of the act (why we do the act)
  3. the concrete situation or circumstances in which we perform the act (where, when, how, with whom, the consequences, etc.) which affect the morality of the act
• How do we form a “Christian conscience”? A “Christian conscience” is formed gradually in faith and through personal and ecclesial prayer-life:

  • by attending to the Word of God and the teachings of the Church,
  • by responsiveness to the indwelling Holy Spirit, and
  • by critical reflection on our concrete moral choices and experiences of daily life.
•  Include reading and prayerful reflection on Jesus’ teaching and actions, and our own prayer and sacramental life.

  Heart factors
• Refer to a deepening of an understanding of Sacred Scripture and Church teaching, especially Catholic moral principles, and sound moral guidance.

  Mind factors
• Conscience corresponds to objective moral values and precepts

  correct
• Conscience, one which mistakenly judges something as morally good which is objectively evil.


  Erroneous
• God's love


  He made man as a free being
• Sin


  Led man to abuse his freedom
• Consequence of sin


  Man became enslaved by sin
• God's love


  He gave man the law, the Commandments, meant to safeguard his freedom
• Jesus Christ


  Perfected the Commandments and summarized them in the greatest commandment, namely love of God above all things and love of neighbor as oneself
• Church


  God has given us moral laws to live by in our way of love and holiness, like the Ten Commandments, Beatitudes, Church laws, etc.
• Deep within his conscience man discovers a law which he has not laid upon himself but which he must obey. Its voice, ever calling him to love and to do what is good and to avoid evil, sounds in his heart at the right moment.
• At the end of our life, we will be judged on love, says St. John of the Cross
• Conscience


  Not the source of morality, it has to be informed and formed in the Word of God, prayer life, the sacraments, Church teachings, and the practice of doing and being good
• “Anything that is done against conscience is a sin.” St. Thomas Aquinas . It is important for every person to be sufficiently present to himself in order to hear and follow the voice of his conscience. This requirement of interiority is all the more necessary as life often distracts us from any reflection, self-examination, or introspection: Return to your conscience, question it. . .. Turn inward, brethren, and in everything you do, see God as your witness.
• “Sin creates an inclination to sin; it produces vice by repetition of the same acts. This results in willful inclinations, which cloud conscience and corrupt the concrete judgment of good and evil. Thus, sin tends to reproduce itself and reinforce itself, but it cannot destroy the moral sense at its root”
• We are all prone to the sickness of self-centeredness, self- excuse, and self-lie. Our sin may not be in what we did but in what we did not do. One primary reason is that we do not want to confront our sinfulness, we presume our goodness, and we do not think we are wicked. We think when we sin we are weak, and we deliberately underestimate what we could have done. We fail to consider our sin from our strengths.SIN AS INDIFFERENCE TOWARDS THE CALL TO LOVE
• “Sin is sin in the failure to bother to love” according to a theologian named James Keenan. Our sin is usually not in what we did, not in what we could not avoid, not in what we tried not to do. Our sin is usually where you and each one of us is comfortable, where we do not feel too bothered, we have found complacency, a complacency not where we rest in being loved but where we rest in our delusional self-understanding of how much better we are than other. It is at that point of self-satisfaction and self-righteousness that we usually do not bother to love.
• SOCIAL SIN AND AUGUSTINE’S ORDO AMORISIf sin is apathy towards the call to love, what sin would not be social? All sin even our most one is social. Our private secret sins rob others of the best version of our loving selves it is in this sense also social, nevertheless public.
• NORMS OF MORALITY When (man) acts deliberately, man is, so to speak, the father of his acts. Human acts, that is, acts that are freely chosen in consequence of a judgment of conscience can be morally evaluated. They are either good or evil. 
• It is the inner voice:
• How do we form a “Christian conscience”? A “Christian conscience” is formed gradually in faith and through personal and ecclesial prayer-life:

  • by attending to the Word of God and the teachings of the Church,
  • by responsiveness to the indwelling Holy Spirit, and
  • by critical reflection on our concrete moral choices and experiences of daily life.
• Other name of 10 Commandments

  Decalogue
• The Ten Commandments state what is required in the love of God and love of neighbor. The first three concern love of God, and the other seven love the neighbor.
• 1ST COMMANDMENT: I AM THE LORD YOUR GOD: YOU SHALL NOT HAVE STRANGE GODS BEFORE ME
• 2ND COMMANDMENT: YOU SHALL NOT TAKE THE NAME OF THE LORD YOUR GOD IN VAIN.
• 3RD COMMANDMENT: REMEMBER TO KEEP HOLY THE LORD’S DAY.
• 4TH COMMANDMENT: HONOR YOUR FATHER AND YOUR MOTHER.
• 6TH COMMANDMENT: YOU SHALL NOT COMMIT ADULTERY.
• 9TH COMMANDMENT: YOU SHALL NOT COVET YOUR NEIGHBOR’S WIFE.
• 5TH COMMANDMENT: YOU SHALL NOT KILL.