ELEMENTARY MAP READING

• Elementary Map Reading - He is provided the weapons,transportation, communicationfacilities and other kinds of equipment
• He uses it as a guide to his objective. One kind of equipment that is used by a soldier from the lowest military in the ranks to the top commander is the MAP
• MAP - It gives information about the characteristics of the ground in his

  area of operations and other information essential to the planning and conduct an operation.
• A map is a graphic representation of a portion of the Earth’s surface
• PURPOSE OF MAP - provide information on the existence, the location of and the distance between ground features, such as populated places and routes of travel and communication.
• Map reading - is the process of decoding the symbols from which a map is constructed, and forming them into a meaningful mental image.
• different types of map

  • topographic
  • photo
• TOPOGRAPHIC - portrays terrain features as well as the horizontal positions of the features represented.
• PHOTO – is a reproduction of aerial photography that shows the different parts of the map such as gridlines, marginal data, place names, and important elevations.
• colors used in the military camp

  • military city map
  • joint operations graphic
  • photo mosaic
  • terrain model
  • special map
• MILITARY CITY MAP - is a topographic map 1:12,500 scale of a city delineating streets and showing street names, importance that are

  compatible with the scale of the map
• JOINT OPERATIONS GRAPHIC - is a series of 1:250,000 scale military maps designed for joint ground and air operations.
• PHOTO MOSAIC - is an assembly of aerial photographs that is commonly called a mosaic in topographic usage
• TERRAIN MODEL- is a scale model of the terrain showing features in

  Large-scale models showing industrial and cultural shapes
• SPECIAL MAP - is a map for special purposes such as trafficability, communication and assault maps
• types of map according to scale

  • small scale
  • medium scale
  • large scale
• SCALE - is expressed as a fraction and gives the ratio of a small distance to ground distance.
• Small Scale - 1:1,000, which is used for general planning and

  strategically studies at the high echelon.
• MEDIUM SCALE – 1:250,000 which is used for planning operations

  including the movement and concentration of troops and supplies.
• LARGE SCALE - 1: 50,00is which are used to meet the tactical, technical and administrative needs of field units.
• Conventional Signs - are symbols used on maps to represent different features. The symbols are explained in the key of the map.