SCIENCE

• Crust - solid layer of rock on the surface of the earth
• Mantle - semi-liquid layer of magma that moves due to convection currents
• Core - center part of the earth, made up of iron and nickel
• Outer Core - liquid portion of the earth's core
• Inner Core - solid portion of the earth's core, made up of iron and nickel
• Lithosphere - rigid, outermost shell on earth made up of rocks
• Igneous Rocks - formed by the hardening and crystallization of molten materials
• Sedimentary Rocks - formed from sediments or other organic matter
• Map - flat picture of the location of places on earth
• Globe - round model of the earth
• Longitude - measures distance east and west of the prime meridian
• Latitude - measures distance north and south of the equator
• Prime Meridian - imaginary line that divides the western and eastern hemisphere
• Equator - imaginary line dividing the northern and southern hemisphere
• Meridians - lines drawn from the north and south pole
• The spaces in the globe are divided into degrees
• Parallels of Latitude - lines drawn parallel to the equator to the north or south
• Natural Resources - materials from the environment that man use to sustain life
• Renewable - can be produced or regenerated repeatedly
• Non-renewable - cannot be replaced easily or very slow regeneration process
• Solar Energy - from sun
• Geothermal Energy - heat coming from the earth
• Hydroelectric Energy - from water
• Biomass - from organic materials
• Fossil Fuels - from fossilized organic materials
• Atmosphere - blanket of air that surrounds planet earth
• Nitrogen - 78%
• Oxygen - 21%
• Argon - 0.3%
• Carbon Dioxide - 0.03%
• Greenhouse Effect - natural warming of the earth due to the presence of atmospheric gases
• Global Warming - greenhouse gases intensifies the atmospheric temperature due to human activities
• Insolation - when solar radiation reaches and heats the earth
• Air Current - movement of the air vertically up and down
• Wind - movement of the air horizontally
• Direct Rays - light rays that are hitting the earth at 90°
• Indirect Rays - light rays that hit earth in an angle