nanotech

• Nanotechnology


  The branch of technology that deals with the manipulation and study of matter at the nanoscale
• Nanotechnology


  • Covers all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter on an atomic molecular and supramolecular scale
  • It is "convergent" because it brings together various fields of science through its innovations
  • It is "enabling" in the sense that it provides the platform and the tools to produce innovations
• Nanotechnology involves


  • Design
  • Characterization
  • Production
  • Application of structures, devices and systems
• Fields involved in studying matter on the nanoscale

  • Chemistry
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Materials science
  • Engineering
• Three dimensions to decipher how nanotechnology works

  • Tangible objects which include: materials, devices, systems
  • Deals with the passive and static objects: actives devices (can store information, induce energy, change their state), nanofacture (which refers to atomically precise manufacturing (APM))
  • Direct nanotechnology (refers to materials structured at nanoscale components), Indirect nanotechnology (starts with nanoparticles but can be used in huge applications)
• Applications of nanotechnology


  • Medicine (development of more effective drugs, nanobots, diagnose diseases like HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis)
  • Water purification systems
  • Prepare heat-resistant and self-cleaning surfaces (silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide, detergent molecules, zeolites)
  • Agriculture (novel techniques to breed crops with higher levels of micronutrients, detect pests, control food processing, ultrasmall probes on earth surfaces)
• TiO2 nanoparticles


  • Simple, cheap, and effective way of removing arsenic in soil and water
  • A nano-technology-inspired detector from Washington can sense the smallest amount of radiation and located a nuclear leak faster and more accurately at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
• Chlorinated compounds


  • Can be reduced using nanoscale metal particles, such as FeO and Fe-Ni in conjunction with iron filings
• Silver


  The bacterial properties of Ag nanoparticles are dependent on both their size and shape
• Bio nanotechnology


  Can support cleaner production methods and provide alternative and renewable energy sources to enhance the sustainability of factories
• Nanoscale chemical reagents or catalysts


  Are smaller yet they increase the rate of chemical reactions, thus lessening the input of raw materials
• Application of nanotechnology in the Philippines

  • Making sources of renewable energy accessible to many
  • Developing medicine that would address serious diseases
  • Improving the state of agriculture
• Challenges of nanotechnology


  • Auto traffic
  • Medicine
  • Energy Generation
  • Laundry
  • Mining
  • Combustion
• Carbon Nanotubes were found to have unknown harmful impacts to human body by inhalation into lungs comparable to asbestos fiber
• Carbon Nanotubes are more toxic than carbon black and quartz
• Challenges to detect nanoparticle concentration in air

  • Lack of information
  • Methods of characterizing nanomaterials
• Risk assessment should include

  • Exposure risk and its probability of exposure
  • Toxicological analysis
  • Transport risk
  • Persistence risk
  • Transformation risk
  • Ability to recycle
• Application of nanotechnology


  • Energy consumption and conservation
  • Agricultural productivity
  • Water treatment
  • Soil productivity
  • Diagnosis of different diseases
  • Food processing and storage
  • Construction activities
  • Development of more effective drugs
• Dr. Richard Feynman presented the first technology
• Norio Taniguchi: 'Invented the nanotechnology in 1974'
• Kim Eric Drexler: 'Popularized molecular nanotechnology'
• Sumio Iijima: 'Manipulated atoms'