CH 17 Health

• fertilization


  the union of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell
• implantation


  the process by which the zygote attaches to the uterine wall
• embryo


  a cluster of cells that develops between the third and eighth week of pregnancy
• fetus


  group of developing cells/ after 8th week
• embryonic growth


  3 tissue layers

  1. respiratory and digestive system

  2. Muscles, bones, blood vessels, and skin

  3. nervous system, sense organs, and mouth
• placenta


  lines of the uterine wall; nourishes the fetus
• dilation


  10 cm; baby's head is resting on cervix
• delivery


  passage through the birth canal
• afterbirth


  The placenta, membranes of the amniotic sac, and part of the umbilical cord are delivered after the birth of the baby
• first trimester


  embryo becomes fetus

  heart begins beating

  Fingers and toes form

  Nervous system responds to stimuli

  fetus develops human profile
• second trimester


  weight increases rapidly

  fetus can hear convos

  fetus has regular heart rhythms

  limbs reach full proportions

  fetus can kick
• third trimester


  fetus may dream

  fetus passes water from the bladder

  fetus uses all 5 senses

  fetus weighs 6-9 lbs

  baby is ready to be born
• prenatal care


  obstetrician and certified nurse
• obstetrician


  A doctor who specializes in pregnancy, labor, and delivery
• calcium


  bones, teeth, nervous system and heart
• protein


  muscle and other tissues
• iron


  red blood cells and oxygen
• vitamin a


  eye development
• vitamin b complex


  complex nervous systems
• Caffeine, coffee, tea, chocolate and soda

  risks birth defect and loss birth weight
• weight loss can harm the baby

  true
• prenatal visits


  physical (blood tests and pelvic exams), monitor mothers weight and blood pressure, ultrasound, and questions
• premature birth


  delivered 3 weeks before due date
• miscarriage


  spontaneous expulsion of a fetus before the 20th week of pregnancy
• stillbirth


  A dead fetus expelled from the body after the 20th week
• fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)


  a group of alcohol-related birth defects that includes both physical and mental problems, learning disabilities, serious behavior problems, slowed growth, and physical deformities
• tobacco


  low birth weight, premature birth, affects growth, mental development, and behavior
• other drugs


  serious birth defects, premature labor, miscarriage
• heredity


  all the traits that were biologically passed on to you from your parents
• chromosomes


  found in the nucleus of the cell that carry coded for traits
• genes


  the basic units of heredity
• DNA


  the chemical unit that makes up chromosomes
• gene therapy


  the process of inserting normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders
• scoliosis


  an abnormal lateral, or side-to-side, curvature of the spine
• zygote


  male sperm and female egg combined
• uterus


  organ where baby is carried
• amniotic sac


  fluid filled membrane that protects and surrounds embryo; regulate temp
• gender


  16-20 weeks
• umbilical cord


  rope-like structure connects fetus to mother's placenta
• 9 months


  how many months are you pregnant for