PACKET 4

• Rizal's higher education and life abroad

  Important stages in his life, influenced his ideas, works, and writings
• Rizal's participation in the propaganda movement made him one of the most known reformists
• Ateneo Municipal


  Rizal's school in Manila, known for offering the best education, managed by Jesuits, with rigid discipline and religious instruction
• Rizal's education at Ateneo Municipal

  1. Studied 6-year Bachiller en Artes program

  2. Divided into competing groups (Roman Empire and Carthaginian Empire)

  3. Promoted to top ranks (Emperor, Tribune, Decurion, Centurion, Standard-Bearer)

  4. Graduated with excellent grades and medals
• University of Santo Tomas (UST)


  Rizal enrolled in Philosophy and Letters, then Medicine, but was unhappy with the traditional and discriminatory methods of the Dominican professors
• Rizal and Paciano made a secret pact for Rizal to go to Europe to complete his medical studies and prepare for the task of liberating the country
• Rizal's education in Europe

  1. Enrolled in Medicine and Philosophy and Letters at Universidad Central de Madrid

  2. Involved in student demonstrations against excommunication of liberal professor

  3. Received Licentiate in Medicine and Philosophy and Letters

  4. Studied ophthalmology in Paris and Heidelberg

  5. Attended lectures and worked at universities in Germany
• Rizal's life in Europe

  • Widened his political knowledge through exposure to European governments
  • Met and befriended renowned academicians and scholars
• Consuelo Ortiga y Rey: 'Rizal said many beautiful things about her on the first day they met'
• Rizal became penniless as his family encountered economic regression while he was studying in Europe
• Rizal delivered a daring liberal speech (Brindis Speech) at a dinner party honoring Filipino painters Juan Luna and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo
• Ortiga y Rey


  Spanish liberal and former mayor of Manila who became vice-president of the Council of the Philippines in the Ministry of colonies
• Consuelo suggested in her diary entry that on the first day she met Rizal, they talked the whole night and that the young Filipino said many beautiful things about her
• Rizal enrolled in Medicine and Philosophy and letters at the Universidad Central de Madrid


  November 3, 1882
• In Rizal's letter dated February 13, 1883, he informed Paciano of his meeting with some Filipinos
• A year after the sumptuous feasting

  Rizal became penniless as his family encountered economic regression
• One day in June 1884, Rizal who failed to eat breakfast still went to school and even won a gold medal in a contest
• Later that day, he attended the dinner party held in honor of two award winning Filipino painters, Juan Luna and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo
• In the occasion, he delivered a very daring liberal speech (known today as Rizal's Brindis Speech"), which became so controversial that it even caused sickness to worrying mother
• Rizal who had finished his two courses in Madrid went to Paris, France

  1885
• From November 1885 to February 1886, he worked as an assistant to the celebrated ophthalmologist Dr. Louis De Weckert
• Rizal left Paris for Heidelberg, Germany

  February 3, 1886
• He attended lectures and training at the University of Heidelberg where he was said to have completed his eye specialization
• Afterward Rizal settled for three months in the nearby village, Wilhemsfled, at the Pastoral house of a Protestant pastor, Dr. Karl Ullmer
• It was during this time that the correspondence and long- distance friendship between Jose and Ferdinand Blumentritt began
• Rizal wrote a letter in German and sent it with a bilingual book Aritmetica to Blumentritt who was interested in studying Jose's native language
• He travelled nest to Leipzig and attended some lectures at its university
• Having reach Dresden afterward, he met and befriended Dr. Adolph B. Meyer, the Director of the Anthropological and Ethnological Museum
• Also a FIlipinologist, Meyer showed Rizal some interesting things taken from tombs in the Philippines
• Rizal went to Berlin and further enhanced his skills and knowledge in ophthalmology


  November 1886
• In that famous city, not only did he learn other languages but also became member of various scientific communities and befriended many famed intellectuals at the time
• Rizal finished his first novel, the Noli, and it came off the press a month later


  February 21, 1887
• With his friend Maximo Viola who loaned him some amount to cover for the printing of the Noli, Rizal traveled to various places in Europe
• Through Paciano's remittance, Jose had paid Viola and decided to further explore some places in Europe before returning to the Philippines
• They left Berlin for Dresden and witnessed the regional floral exposition there


  May 11, 1887
• Wanting to see Blumentritt, they went to Leitmeritz, Bohemia
• Professor Blumetritt warmly received them at Leitmeritz railroad station
• The professor identified Jose through the pencil sketch, which he had previously made himself and sent to Blumentritt
• The professor acted as their tour guide, introducing them to his family and to famous European scientists, like Dr, Carlos Czepelak and Prof. Robert Klutschak
• The two Filipinos left Leimeritz for Prague where they saw the tomb of the famous astronomer Copernicus


  May 16