Peh

• Recreation


  Derived from the Latin word "recreare" which means to be refreshed (mapasigla), to relax or to enjoy
• Benefits of a Recreational Activity

  • Individual: Develops Personal Development and Growth
  • Physical Health (Reduces Stress)
  • Self Esteem and Self Reliance (Enhances Pleasure)
  • Creativity and Sense of Accomplishment
  • Increases Life Satisfaction (Creates More Fun)
  • Promotes Psychological Well-being
  • Community: Connected Families
  • Strengths Social Bonding
  • Ethnic and cultural Harmony
  • Reduces Alienation
  • Develops Strong Communities
  • Environmental: Reduces Pollution
  • Promotes Clean Air and Water
  • Preserves Open Space
  • Protects the Ecosystem
  • Increases Community Pride
  • Economic: Reduces Healthcare Cost
  • Reduces Vandalism and Crime
  • Enhances Property Value
  • Catalyst for Tourism
• Aquatics


  Sports or pastimes performed in or on the water
• Aquatics Recreational Activities


  • Fitness swimming
  • Synchronized swimming
  • Sailing
  • Rafting
  • Rowing
  • Kayaking
  • Canoeing
  • Water polo
  • Water aerobics
  • Snorkeling
  • Scuba diving
  • Diving
• Characteristics of Aquatic Activities


  • Water has special characteristics that provide a unique environment for activities and good workout. These characteristics include buoyancy, hydrostatic pressure and enhance cooling.
• Buoyancy


  The upward force of the water on an object. It also gives a weightless feeling, which makes it easier to move, lift knees or even jog in water.
• Hydrostatic Pressure


  The pressure exerted by the water at equilibrium due to the force of gravity. It is the weight of the water pressed down on the object.
• Enhanced Cooling


  Transfers heat away from the body much quickly than air given in the same temperature.
• Swimming


  • It has been around for centuries which has become one of the most common recreational activities and a sport that test your fitness and stamina.
• 5 basic swimming skills

  • Breathing
  • Floating
  • Your body movement should be well coordinated
  • Kicking
  • Strokes
• Genetics


  The science that deals with the heredity and the factors that affect the transmission of traits from one generation to another
• Heredity

  The transmission of genetic materials from the parents to offspring
• Factors of heredity


  • Biological factor
  • Environment
  • Advanced technology
• Gene


  The factor that control the inheritance that is responsible for the transmission of traits
• Gregor Mendel was an Augustinian monk in Brunn, Austria and was known as the Father of Classical Genetics
• Blending theory of inheritance

  The inheritance of traits from two parents produces offspring with characteristics that are intermediate between those of the parents
• Mendel disproved the blending theory of inheritance because when he cross pollinated the tall pea plants and short pea plants, the resulting offspring were either tall or short, not medium like what the blending theory of inheritance suggests

  
• Why Mendel chose the pea plants

  • Easy to cultivate
  • Perfect flower
  • Cross pollination can be done manually
  • Short generation time
  • With pair of contrasting traits

  
• Principle of dominance


  In each organism, there is a pair of factors which controls the appearance of a particular trait. One member of the pair of factors may hide or prevent the appearance of the other factor.
• Dominant trait


  Usually seen or expressed, symbolized by the capital letters
• Recessive trait

  Usually hidden or not expressed, symbolized by small letters
• Homozygous (pure-bred)


  The gene pairs are identical
• Homozygous dominant

  The gene pairs are both dominant, symbolized by both capital letters
• Homozygous recessive


  The gene pairs are both recessive, symbolized by both small letters
• Heterozygous (hybrid)

  The gene pairs are not identical, symbolized by one capital letter and one small letter
• Alleles


  The alternative forms of genes
• Phenotype

  The physical appearance of an organism usually an adjective or words describing a trait
• Genotype


  The genetic make-up of an organism usually a letter symbolizing the trait of an organism
• Mendel's laws of inheritance were derived from his hybridization experiments in garden peas (Pisum sativum) between 1856 and 1863

  
• Mendel's law of segregation


  When two traits come together in one hybrid pair, the two characters do not mix with each other and are independent of each other. Each gamete receives one of the two alleles during meiosis of the chromosome.
• The gametes have two versions of each chromosome: one contributed by the female parent in her ovum and one by the male parent in his sperm. These are joined at fertilization. The ovum and sperm cells (the gametes) have only one copy of each chromosome and are described as haploid
• Mendel's law of dominance

  In a heterozygous condition, the allele whose characters are expressed over the other allele is called the dominant allele and the characters of this dominant allele are called dominant characters
• The characters that appear in the F1 generation are called as dominant characters, and the recessive characters appear in the F2 generation
• Mendel's law of independent assortment/dihybrid cross

  At the time of gamete formation, the two genes segregate independently of each other as well as of other traits
• Dihybrid cross


  • A cross between two true-breeding parents that express different traits for two characteristics: seed color and seed texture
• Punnett square


  A tool used to predict the possible breeding outcomes of two genes segregate independently of each other as well as of other traits