anatomy respiratory system

• What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

  To provide oxygen to the cells
• What are the different components to respiration and explain?

  inspiration- air in

  expiration- air out
• what stimulates us to breathe?

  the medullary rhythmicity area
• where does gas exchange take place in the respiratory system?

  Alveoli
• why do the nasal cavity and trachea have ciliated membranes?

  to trap dust particles and prevent them from entering your body
• where are the vocal cords and what are they made of?

  Location: Larynx Composition: Muscle tissue
• what is another name for your voice box?

  Larynx
• what is the difference between external and internal respiration?

  External: exchange of gases between lungs and blood. Internal: exchange of gases between blood and body tissues.
• what happens to our rib cage and diaphragm when we inhale?

  Rib cage expands, diaphragm contracts.
• what surrounds the alveoli to allow for gas exchange?

  Capillaries
• what does the larynx contain that allows us to make noise?

  Vocal cords
• where does the air we breathe get warmed?

  the nose and the trachea
• Why do we need oxygen?

  so that our cells stay alive
• what is the job of the nose?

  airway passage

  to moisten and warm air

  to filter air

  resonates as a chamber for speech
• what is the importance of mucus in the respiratory system?

  protects the lungs from foreign particles
• How does your body get rid of dust and other small particles that you can breathe in?

  Cilia in the nose
• what is the flap that covers the larynx during swallowing?

  Epiglottis
• what is the process of oxygen to get energy, and subsequent production of carbon dioxide?

  Cellular respiration
• describe the events of inhalation


  the diaphragm contracts and pulls down at the same time, the muscles between the ribs ribs contract and pull downward
• how does the surface tension help in expanding the lungs for breathing?

  Surfactant reduces the surface tension of water, keeping the alveoli open so that we can breath easily
• distinguish between inspiratory and expiration reserve volume

  inspiratory reserve volume- above normal inhalation

  expiratory reserve volume- above normal exhalation
• distinguish between vital capacity and total lung capacity

  vital capacity- max air in and out

  total lung capacity- total air lungs can hold
• distinguish between tidal volume and residual volume

  tidal volume- normal

  residual volume- the air that’s always in the lungs
• where is the respiratory center located?

  Medullary Cavity
• how does hyperventilation result in a decreased respiratory rate?

  the decrease of carbon dioxide levels
• what happened to air as it passes from the nasal cavity to the bronchioles?

  Filtration, warming, humidification, and gas exchange.
• What happens to your ribs and your diaphragm when you inhale? exhale?

  inhale: ribs go up and out while the diaphragm flattens

  exhale: ribs go down and in while the diaphragm goes up
• why does air move into your lungs?

  to exchange gases
• when you breathe you are only taking in oxygen, true or false?

  false
• what is the function of the trachea?


  To transport air to and from the lungs.
• what does the trachea get divided into?


  left and right bronchi
• how do your vocal cords work?

  they vibrate when air passes through the larynx
• what is another name for the larynx?

  Voice box
• what does oxygen get combined with to get to your tissues?

  blood
• what tissue makes up the walls of the alveoli?

  Simple squamous epithelium
• what force causes air to move into the lungs?

  the diphragm
• what is the importance of carbonic anhydrase?

  speeds up the reaction of carbon dioxide and water
• what process allows gases to be exchanged in the alveoli?

  Diffusion
• what is the opening between the vocal cords?

  Glottis
• what covers the outside of the lungs?

  parietal pleura