STS MID

• Greeks were the first to develop astronomy into a theoretical science


  600 – 130 BCE
• Copernicus proposed the heliocentric view of the universe


  1543 AD
• Sir Isaac Newton invented the first reflecting telescope


  1668 AD
• Albert Einstein introduces special Theory of Relativity


  1905 AD
• Edwin Hubble proved that galaxies are separate systems outside our own Milky Way


  1923
• First radio telescope built in the USA by Grate Reber


  1937
• Russian Sputnik 1 satellite becomes the first man-made object to orbit the Earth marking the beginning of space age


  1957 AD
• Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walk on the Moon as part of the Apollo 11 mission


  1969 AD
• Voyager 1 spacecraft launched to explore the outer solar system


  1977 AD
• The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is put into orbit from space shuttle discovery


  1990 AD
• Radio astronomer Wolszczan and Frail announce the discovery of the first definitive detection of exoplanets


  1992 AD
• The James Webb telescope was completed after 20 years of development


  2017 AD
• Martin Heidegger: 'Technology is a way of revealing. If we give heed to this, then another whole realm for the essence of technology will open itself up to us. It is the realm of revealing, i.e., of truth.'
• Technology

  • A means to an end
  • A human activity
  • A contrivance — in Latin, an instrumentum
• Aristotelian philosophy (the knowledge of a thing)


  • Causa Materialis (Material) - That out of which it is made
  • Causa Formulis (Formal) - The essence of the object
  • Causa Efficiens (Efficient) - The source of the objects principle of change or stability
  • Causa Finalis (Final) - The end/goal of the object, or what the object of good for
• Enframing


  A perspective that is: we only notice or care about or pay attention to what can be done quickly or results in an efficient and further useable product
• Private good


  A good that is rival and excludable, similar to a slice of pizza
• Public good


  A good or service that is unrival and non-excludable, allowing everyone to benefit without diminishing the experience
• Laws of Robotics

  • A robot may not injure a human being, or through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm
  • A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law
  • A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law
  • Addition: Isaac Asimov later added another rule, known as the fourth or zeroth law, that replace the others: "A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm"
• Reasons why human does not need humanity

  • Robots can pretend to be you
  • AI can read your mind
  • AI can master anything
  • AI can breed
  • Elon Musk is convinced we're doomed
• The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is put into orbit from space shuttle discovery


  1990 AD