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Neuroscience semester 1
neuroanatomy of the brain
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Cards (18)
peripheral nervous system -
afferent
neurones -
recieve
and trabsmit
info from
environment
to
CNS
efferent
neurones - transmit info generated in
CNS
to
periphery
functions of brain
· processing
information
· Planning, initiating movement
· Posture and
balance
· Autonomic functions –
breathing
· Regulating
emotions
· Make decisions
·
Learn/ memory
orientations of the brain
dorsal
- top of brain
ventral
- bottom
front -
rostral
back -
caudal
Meninges
Dura -
outer
layer
directly
underneath
bones of skull
tough
and
thick
surrounds
brain
and
spinal cord
Meninges:
Arachnoid
middle
layer
spider web
appearance
thin
,
transparent
membrane
sits over
grooves
in brain and spinal cord
meninges
pia-
inner
layer
very
thin
membrane
adheres close to surface of
brain
and
spinal cord
- follows the
grooves
grey
matter - cell bodies and terminals
white
matter - myelinated axons
corpus callosum
white
matter tract
connects two
hemispheres
largest
tract
brain divisions
forebrain
midbrain
hindbrain
(pons, medulla, cerebellum)
brainstem
cerebrum
outer
folded part of the brain =
cortex
cerebrum
outer folded part of the brain =
cortex
bumps =
gyrus
grooves =
sulci
large
S.A
so neurones can fit
Diencephalon
thalamus and hypothalamus
thalamus
- relay centre for information
goes up through brain, removing useless information
hypothalamus
- controls
homeostasis
- connected to
pituitary
gland
midbrain
small area
processes
auditor
and
visual
information
sends
motor
information to the
eye
PONS
below
midbrain
connector between
cerebellum
and main
cerebrum
medulla
connecting
spinal cord
to main
cerebrum
- Allows
sensory
to come up to brain and
motor
to leave brain
-
Sensory
– dorsa side
-
Motor
– ventral side
cerebellum
back of brain:
folded
- cerebellum
cortex
-
white
and
grey
matter
co ordinates
movement
receives
sensory
neurones
ventricles
holes
in brain -
4
of them
connected to each other
-
CSF
– where it flows through – carries
proteins
and removed
waste
12
pairs of cranial nerves