Intro to meh

• Criminal etiology


  Study of causes of crime by means of scientific analysis
• Sociology of law


  Creation of criminal law as a formal social control
• Penology


  Concerned with the control and prevention of crime and treatment of offenders
• Nature of Criminology


  • An Applied science - Anthropology, psychology, sociology and other natural sciences may be applied in the study of the causes of crime while chemistry, medicine, physics, mathematics, etc. maybe utilized in the scientific crime detection
  • Social Science - In as much crime is a societal creation and that it exists in a society, its study must be considered as part of social science
  • Dynamic - Criminology changes a social condition changes. That means the process of criminology is concordant with the advancement of the other sciences that have been applied to it
  • Nationalistic - The study of crime must always be in relation with the existing criminal law within the territory
• Crime


  An act committed or omitted in violation of public law forbidding or commanding it
• Crime


  A generic term that embraces any violation of Revised Penal Code, Special Laws, and Municipal or City Ordinances
• Offense


  An act or omission that is punishable by special laws or statute enacted by congress, penal in character
• Felony


  An act or omission that is punishable by Revised Penal Code or the criminal law in the Philippines
• Misdemeanor


  Acts that are in violation of simple rules and regulation usually repairing to acts committed by a minor offender
• Means of committing crimes

  • Dolo or deceit - when the act was done with deliberate intent
  • Culpa or fault - when the wrongful act result from imprudence negligence lack of foresight or lack of skill
• Mala In Se


  Acts that are visible and directly harm other people and their property
• Malum Prohibitum


  Acts criminalized by the statute in an effort to regulate the general behaviors of the society
• Criminological classifications of crimes

  • Acquisitive crime - is one which when committed the offender acquire something as a consequences of his action
  • Extinctive crime - the crime is extinctive when the result of the criminal act is destruction
  • Seasonal crimes - are those that are committed only at certain period of the year
  • Situational crimes - are those that are committed only when given situation is conducive to its commission
  • Episodic crimes - are those serial crimes. They are committed by series of act within a lengthy space of time
  • Instant crimes - are those that are committed at the shortest possible time
  • Static crimes - are crimes that are committed only in one particular place
  • Continuing crime - our crimes that are committed in several places
  • Rational crimes - are those committed with intent, the offender is in full possession of his mental faculties and capabilities
  • Irrational crimes - are those crimes committed without intent; where offender doesn't know the nature of his act
  • White collar crime - are those committed by a person of responsibility and of upper socio-economic class of society
  • Blue collar crimes - crimes committed by ordinary professional to maintain their livelihood
  • Upper world crimes - crimes that are committed by individuals belonging to the upper class of society
  • Under world crime - crimes that are committed by people under privileged class of society
  • Crime by imitation - crimes committed by merely duplication of what was done others
  • Crime by passion - crimes that are committed because of fit of great emotion
  • Traditional crimes - crimes that are committed every now and then
  • Service crimes - crimes committed through renditions of a service to satisfy the desire of the the others
  • Instrumental crimes - crimes that are designed to improve the financial or social position of the offender
  • Emergency crimes - crimes that are committed to take advantage of the abnormal situation
  • Hate Crime - act of violence and intimidation to frighten people considered undesirable because of their race, religion, origin, ethnic, or sexual orientation
  • Crimes of repression - committed when members of a group are prevented from achieving their fullest potential because of racism, sexism, or some other status bias
  • Index crimes - are frequently committed violent crimes, also known as Part 1 crimes
  • Non- index crime - are all crimes aside from violent crimes, those non-violent crimes, also known as Part 2 crimes
  • Victimless crime - acts committed by consenting persons in private, there is no intended victim
• Ways to define a criminal


  • A person who committed a crime and has been convicted by a court in violation of criminal law (Legal definition)
  • A person who violated a social norm or one who did an anti-social act (Social definition)
  • A person who violated the rules of conduct due to behavioral maladjustment (Psychological definition)
• Criminological classification of criminals

  • Chronic criminal - one who commit crime acted in consonance of deliberate thinking
  • Acute criminal - one who violated criminal law because of impulse or fit of passion
  • Organized criminal - one who associate himself with other criminals to earn a high degree of organization to enable them to commit crimes easily without being detected by authorities
  • Ordinary criminal - consider the lowest form of criminal in a criminal career. He doesn't stick to crime as professional but rather pushed to commit crime because of great opportunity
  • Active criminal - those who commit crimes because of aggressiveness
  • Habitual criminal - those who continues to commit crimes due to deficiency of intelligence and lack of self control
  • Passive inadequate criminal - those who commit crimes because they are pushed to it by rewards and promises
  • Socialized delinquent - those are normal in behavior but defective in their socialization process or development
• Criminal formula


  C = Crime or criminal behavior

  T = Criminal tendency

  S = Total situation

  R = Resistance to temptation
• Anatomy of crime


  • Opportunity - consists of act or omission or commission by a person which enables another person or group of person to perpetuate a crime
  • Instrumentality or capability - is the means or implement used in the commission of crime
  • Motive -refers to the reason or cause why a person or a group of person will perpetrate a crime
• Why have interest in crime

  • CRIME IS PERVASIVE

  • CRIME IS EXPENSIVE

  • CRIME IS DESTRUCTIVE

  • CRIME IS REFLECTIVE

  • CRIME IS PROGRESSIVE